Faniband Moosa H, Littorin Margareta, Ekman Eva, Jönsson Bo A G, Lindh Christian H
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
J Anal Toxicol. 2015 Nov-Dec;39(9):691-7. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkv100. Epub 2015 Aug 30.
Imazalil (IMZ) is a fungicide used in the cultivation of vegetables, such as cucumbers, in green houses or post-harvest on fruit to avoid spoilage due to fungal growth. Agricultural workers can be occupationally exposed to IMZ and the general public indirectly by the diet. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an LC-MS-MS method for the analysis of IMZ in human urine. The method used electrospray ionization and selected reaction monitoring in the positive mode. Excellent linearity was observed in the range 0.5-100 ng/mL. The limit of detection of the method was 0.2 ng/mL, and the limit of quantitation 0.8 ng/mL. The method showed good within-run, between-run and between-batch precision, with a coefficient of variation <15%. The method was applied to analyze urine samples obtained from two human volunteers following experimental oral and dermal exposure. The excretion of IMZ seemed to follow a two-compartment model and first-order kinetics. In the oral exposure, the elimination half-life of IMZ in the rapid excretion phase was 2.6 and 1.9 h for the female and the male volunteer, respectively. In the slower excretion phase, it was 7.6 and 13 h, respectively. In the dermal exposure, the excretion seemed to follow a single-compartment model and first-order kinetics. The elimination half-life was 10 and 6.6 h for the female and the male volunteer, respectively. Although the study is limited to two volunteers, some information on basic toxicokinetics and metabolism of IMZ in humans is presented.
抑霉唑（IMZ）是一种用于温室蔬菜（如黄瓜）种植或水果采后处理的杀菌剂，可防止因真菌生长而导致的腐烂。农业工人可能会职业性接触IMZ，普通公众则可能通过饮食间接接触。本研究的目的是开发并验证一种用于分析人尿液中IMZ的液相色谱-串联质谱法。该方法采用电喷雾电离并在正模式下进行选择反应监测。在0.5-100 ng/mL范围内观察到良好的线性。该方法的检测限为0.2 ng/mL，定量限为0.8 ng/mL。该方法在批内、批间和批次间均显示出良好的精密度，变异系数<15%。该方法应用于分析两名人类志愿者在实验性口服和皮肤暴露后采集的尿液样本。IMZ的排泄似乎遵循二室模型和一级动力学。在口服暴露中，女性和男性志愿者在快速排泄阶段IMZ的消除半衰期分别为2.6小时和1.9小时。在较慢排泄阶段，分别为7.6小时和13小时。在皮肤暴露中，排泄似乎遵循单室模型和一级动力学。女性和男性志愿者的消除半衰期分别为10小时和6.6小时。尽管该研究仅限于两名志愿者，但仍提供了一些关于IMZ在人体内基本毒代动力学和代谢的信息。
