Aalaei-Andabili Seyed Hossein, Rezaei Nima
a Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA.
b Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Int Rev Immunol. 2016;35(1):57-66. doi: 10.3109/08830185.2015.1077828. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Human aging is a complex process with pivotal changes in gene expression of biological pathways. Immune system dysfunction has been recognized as one of the most important abnormalities induced by senescent names immunosenescence. Emerging evidences suggest miR role in immunosenescence. We aimed to systemically review all relevant reports to clearly state miR effects on immunosenescence process. Sensitive electronic searches carried out. Quality assessment has been performed. Since majority of the included studies were laboratory works, and therefore heterogen, we discussed miR effects on immunological aging process nonstatically. Forty-six articles were found in the initial search. After exclusion of 34 articles, 12 studies enrolled to the final stage. We found that miRs have crucial roles in exact function of immune system. MiRs are involved in the regulation of the aging process in the immune system components and target certain genes, promoting or inhibiting immune system reaction to invasion. Also, miRs control life span of the immune system members by regulation of the genes involved in the apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that immunosenescence is controllable by proper manipulation of the various miRs expression. DNA methylation and histone acetylation have been discovered as novel strategies, altering NF-κB binding ability to the miR promoter sites. Effect of miRs on impairment of immune system function due to the aging is emerging. Although it has been accepted that miRs have determinant roles in the regulation of the immunosenescence; however, most of the reports are concluded from animal/laboratory works, suggesting the necessity of more investigations in human.
人类衰老过程复杂，生物途径的基因表达发生关键变化。免疫系统功能障碍已被公认为衰老导致的最重要异常之一，即免疫衰老。新出现的证据表明微小RNA（miR）在免疫衰老中发挥作用。我们旨在系统回顾所有相关报告，以明确阐述miR对免疫衰老过程的影响。进行了灵敏的电子检索，并开展了质量评估。由于纳入的大多数研究都是实验室研究，存在异质性，我们非静态地讨论了miR对免疫衰老过程的影响。在初步检索中找到46篇文章。排除34篇文章后，12项研究进入最终阶段。我们发现miR在免疫系统的正常功能中起关键作用。miR参与免疫系统各组成部分衰老过程的调控，靶向特定基因，促进或抑制免疫系统对入侵的反应。此外，miR通过调控参与细胞凋亡的基因来控制免疫系统成员的寿命。有趣的是，我们发现通过适当调控各种miR的表达，免疫衰老可以得到控制。DNA甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化已被发现是改变NF-κB与miR启动子位点结合能力的新策略。miR对衰老导致的免疫系统功能损害的影响正在显现。尽管人们已经认识到miR在免疫衰老调控中起决定性作用；然而，大多数报告是基于动物/实验室研究得出的，这表明有必要在人体中进行更多研究。
