Morrongiello Barbara A, Corbett Michael, Milanovic Melissa, Beer Jonathan
J Pediatr Psychol. 2016 Mar;41(2):265-75. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv078. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
To examine how risk of injury can arise for child pedestrians.
Using a highly immersive virtual reality system interfaced with a 3-D movement measurement system, younger (M = 8 years) and older (M = 10 years) children's crossing behaviors were measured under conditions that introduced variation in vehicle speed, distance, and intervehicle gaps.
Children used distance cues in deciding when to cross; there were no age or sex differences. This increased risk of injury in larger intervehicle gaps because they started late and did not monitor traffic or adjust walking speed as they crossed. In contrast, injury risk in smaller intervehicle gaps of equal risk (i.e., same time to contact) occurred because crossing behavioral adjustments (starting early, increasing walking speed while crossing) were not sufficient.
Dependence on distance cues increases children's risk of injury as pedestrians when crossing in a variety of traffic situations.
研究儿童行人如何会面临受伤风险。
使用与三维运动测量系统相连的高度沉浸式虚拟现实系统，在车速、距离和车间距存在变化的条件下，测量年龄较小（平均年龄8岁）和年龄较大（平均年龄10岁）儿童的过马路行为。
儿童在决定何时过马路时会使用距离线索；不存在年龄或性别差异。在较大车间距情况下受伤风险增加，因为他们起步晚，过马路时不留意交通情况或调整步行速度。相比之下，在同等风险的较小车间距情况下（即相同的接触时间）出现受伤风险，是因为过马路行为调整（起步早、过马路时加快步行速度）不足。
在各种交通情况下过马路时，依赖距离线索会增加儿童行人受伤的风险。
