Fetterman Adam K, Bair Jessica L, Werth Marc, Landkammer Florian, Robinson Michael D
Department of Psychology, University of Essex.
Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2016 Mar;110(3):458-76. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000067. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
People often think, feel, and behave metaphorically according to conceptual metaphor theory. There are normative sources of support for this theory, but individual differences have received scant attention. This is surprising because people are likely to differ in the frequency with which they use metaphors and, therefore, the frequency with which they experience the costs and benefits of metaphoric thinking. To investigate these ideas, a 5-study program of research (total N = 532) was conducted. Study 1 developed and validated a Metaphor Usage Measure (MUM), finding that people were fairly consistent in their tendencies toward literal thought and language on the one hand versus metaphoric thought and language on the other. These differences were, in turn, consequential. Although metaphor usage predicted susceptibility to metaphor transfer effects (Studies 2 and 3), it was also linked to higher levels of emotional understanding (Studies 4 and 5). The findings provide support for several key premises of conceptual metaphor theory in the context of a new measure that can be used to track the consequences of metaphoric thinking. (PsycINFO Database Record
根据概念隐喻理论，人们常常以隐喻的方式进行思考、感受和行动。该理论有规范性的支持来源，但个体差异却很少受到关注。这很令人惊讶，因为人们在使用隐喻的频率上可能存在差异，因此在体验隐喻思维的成本和收益的频率上也可能不同。为了研究这些观点，开展了一项包含五项研究的研究项目（总样本量N = 532）。研究1开发并验证了一种隐喻使用量表（MUM），发现人们在倾向于字面思维和语言与隐喻思维和语言方面相当一致。反过来，这些差异也很重要。虽然隐喻使用预测了对隐喻转移效应的易感性（研究2和3），但它也与更高水平的情感理解相关（研究4和5）。这些发现为概念隐喻理论的几个关键前提提供了支持，该研究采用了一种新的测量方法来追踪隐喻思维的结果。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
