Sierra Rojas Johanna X, García-San Frutos Miriam, Horrillo Daniel, Lauzurica Nuria, Oliveros Eva, Carrascosa Jose María, Fernández-Agulló Teresa, Ros Manuel
Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" UAM-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Mar;71(3):310-22. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv117. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
The prevalence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes increases with aging and these disorders are associated with inflammation. Insulin resistance and inflammation do not develop at the same time in all tissues. Adipose tissue is one of the tissues where inflammation and insulin resistance are established earlier during aging. Nevertheless, the existence of different fat depots states the possibility of differential roles for these depots in the development of age-associated inflammation and insulin resistance. To explore this, we analyzed insulin signaling and inflammation in epididymal, perirenal, subcutaneous, and brown adipose tissues during aging in Wistar rats. Although all tissues showed signs of inflammation and insulin resistance with aging, epididymal fat was the first to develop signs of inflammation and insulin resistance along aging among white fat tissues. Subcutaneous adipose tissue presented the lowest degree of inflammation and insulin resistance that developed latter with age. Brown adipose tissue also presented latter insulin resistance and inflammation but with lower signs of macrophage infiltration. Caloric restriction ameliorated insulin resistance and inflammation in all tissues, being more effective in subcutaneous and brown adipose tissues. These data demonstrate differential susceptibility of the different adipose depots to the development of age-associated insulin resistance and inflammation.
胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的患病率随年龄增长而增加，这些病症与炎症相关。胰岛素抵抗和炎症并非在所有组织中同时出现。脂肪组织是衰老过程中炎症和胰岛素抵抗较早出现的组织之一。然而，不同脂肪库的存在表明这些脂肪库在与年龄相关的炎症和胰岛素抵抗发展中可能具有不同作用。为了探究这一点，我们分析了Wistar大鼠衰老过程中附睾、肾周、皮下和棕色脂肪组织中的胰岛素信号传导和炎症情况。尽管所有组织随着衰老都表现出炎症和胰岛素抵抗的迹象，但在白色脂肪组织中，附睾脂肪是最早随着衰老出现炎症和胰岛素抵抗迹象的。皮下脂肪组织的炎症和胰岛素抵抗程度最低，且随着年龄增长出现较晚。棕色脂肪组织也较晚出现胰岛素抵抗和炎症，但巨噬细胞浸润迹象较少。热量限制改善了所有组织中的胰岛素抵抗和炎症，在皮下和棕色脂肪组织中更有效。这些数据表明不同脂肪库对与年龄相关的胰岛素抵抗和炎症发展的易感性存在差异。
