Brubaker Aleah L, Carter Stewart R, Kovacs Elizabeth J
Integrative Cell Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
Burn and Shock Trauma Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1343:35-51. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2963-4_4.
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex physiological process. This process can be altered by multiple physiological and pathological factors. Multiple pathophysiological disturbances act to impair resolution of cutaneous wound injury, including obesity, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and advanced age. As our longevity increases without a concomitant increase in healthy living years, it is plausible to assume that problematic wound closure will continue to consume a large portion of our health care resources. Furthermore, advanced age is associated with numerous alterations in the innate and adaptive immune responses that complicate outcomes following cutaneous injury, trauma, or infection. Thus, models that examine the impact of advanced age on cutaneous wound repair will be of great benefit to the development of potential therapeutics that target age-related aberrancies in tissue repair. Herein, we detail two animal models of tissue injury, excisional wound injury and burn injury, that can be used to evaluate wound healing in the context of advanced age. We also describe modifications of these methods to examine wound infection following either excisional or burn injury. Lastly, we discuss methods of subsequent tissue analysis following injury. Models described below can be further adapted to genetically engineered murine strains to study the effects of aging and other co-morbidities on wound healing.
皮肤伤口愈合是一个复杂的生理过程。这个过程会受到多种生理和病理因素的影响而发生改变。多种病理生理紊乱会损害皮肤伤口损伤的愈合，包括肥胖、糖尿病、外周血管疾病和高龄。随着我们寿命的延长，而健康生活年限却没有相应增加，因此可以合理推测，有问题的伤口愈合将继续消耗我们大量的医疗资源。此外，高龄与先天性和适应性免疫反应的众多改变相关，这些改变会使皮肤损伤、创伤或感染后的结果变得复杂。因此，研究高龄对皮肤伤口修复影响的模型将对开发针对组织修复中与年龄相关异常的潜在治疗方法大有裨益。在此，我们详细介绍两种组织损伤动物模型，即切除性伤口损伤和烧伤损伤，可用于评估高龄情况下的伤口愈合。我们还描述了对这些方法的改进，以检查切除性或烧伤损伤后的伤口感染。最后，我们讨论损伤后后续组织分析的方法。下面描述的模型可以进一步适用于基因工程小鼠品系，以研究衰老和其他合并症对伤口愈合的影响。
