Su Hao, Koo Jin Mo, Cui Honggang
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
J Control Release. 2015 Dec 10;219:383-395. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.056. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
One-component nanomedicine (OCN) represents an emerging class of therapeutic nanostructures that contain only one type of chemical substance. This one-component feature allows for fine-tuning and optimization of the drug loading and physicochemical properties of nanomedicine in a precise manner through molecular engineering of the underlying building blocks. Using a precipitation procedure or effective molecular assembly strategies, molecularly crafted therapeutic agents (e.g. polymer-drug conjugates, small molecule prodrugs, or drug amphiphiles) could involuntarily aggregate, or self-assemble into nanoscale objects of well-defined sizes and shapes. Unlike traditional carrier-based nanomedicines that are inherently multicomponent systems, an OCN does not require the use of additional carriers and could itself possess desired physicochemical features for preferential accumulation at target sites. We review here recent progress in the molecular design, conjugation methods, and fabrication strategies of OCN, and analyze the opportunities that this emerging platform could open for the new and improved treatment of devastating diseases such as cancer.
单组分纳米药物（OCN）是一类新兴的治疗性纳米结构，仅包含一种化学物质。这种单组分特性使得通过对基础构建单元进行分子工程，能够以精确的方式对纳米药物的载药量和物理化学性质进行微调与优化。利用沉淀法或有效的分子组装策略，经分子设计的治疗剂（如聚合物 - 药物偶联物、小分子前药或药物两亲物）可能会自发聚集，或自组装成尺寸和形状明确的纳米级物体。与本质上是多组分系统的传统基于载体的纳米药物不同，OCN不需要使用额外的载体，并且自身可能具备在靶部位优先积累所需的物理化学特性。我们在此综述OCN在分子设计、偶联方法和制备策略方面的最新进展，并分析这个新兴平台可能为诸如癌症等毁灭性疾病的新型和改进治疗带来的机遇。
