Aziz Monowar, Holodick Nichol E, Rothstein Thomas L, Wang Ping
Center for Translational Research, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
Center for Oncology and Cell Biology, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Dr., Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
Immunol Res. 2015 Dec;63(1-3):153-66. doi: 10.1007/s12026-015-8708-3.
B-1 lymphocytes exhibit unique phenotypic, ontogenic, and functional characteristics that differ from the conventional B-2 cells. B-1 cells spontaneously secrete germline-like, repertoire-skewed polyreactive natural antibody, which acts as a first line of defense by neutralizing a wide range of pathogens before launching of the adaptive immune response. Immunomodulatory molecules such as interleukin-10, adenosine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-3, and interleukin-35 are also produced by B-1 cells in the presence or absence of stimulation, which regulate acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Considerable progress has been made during the past three decades since the discovery of B-1 cells, which has improved not only our understanding of their phenotypic and ontogenic uniqueness but also their role in various inflammatory diseases including influenza, pneumonia, sepsis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmunity, obesity and diabetes mellitus. Recent identification of human B-1 cells widens the scope of this field, leading to novel innovations that can be implemented from bench to bedside. Among the vast number of studies on B-1 cells, we have carried out a literature review highlighting current trends in the study of B-1 cell involvement during inflammation, which may result in a paradigm shift toward sustainable therapeutics in various inflammatory diseases.
B-1淋巴细胞表现出与传统B-2细胞不同的独特表型、个体发生和功能特征。B-1细胞自发分泌种系样、库偏斜的多反应性天然抗体，在适应性免疫反应启动之前，通过中和多种病原体作为第一道防线。在有或没有刺激的情况下，B-1细胞还会产生免疫调节分子，如白细胞介素-10、腺苷、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、白细胞介素-3和白细胞介素-35，这些分子可调节急性和慢性炎症性疾病。自发现B-1细胞以来的过去三十年里取得了相当大的进展，这不仅提高了我们对其表型和个体发生独特性的理解，也提高了我们对它们在包括流感、肺炎、败血症、动脉粥样硬化、炎症性肠病、自身免疫、肥胖症和糖尿病在内的各种炎症性疾病中作用的理解。最近对人类B-1细胞的鉴定拓宽了该领域的范围，带来了可以从实验室应用到临床的新创新。在关于B-1细胞的大量研究中，我们进行了一项文献综述，突出了B-1细胞在炎症过程中参与研究的当前趋势，这可能会导致在各种炎症性疾病中向可持续治疗的范式转变。
