Riddell Michael C, Zaharieva Dessi P, Yavelberg Loren, Cinar Ali, Jamnik Veronica K
School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease Unit, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2015 Oct 1;9(6):1217-26. doi: 10.1177/1932296815609370.
Regular physical activity (PA) promotes numerous health benefits for people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, PA also complicates blood glucose control. Factors affecting blood glucose fluctuations during PA include activity type, intensity and duration as well as the amount of insulin and food in the body at the time of the activity. To maintain equilibrium with blood glucose concentrations during PA, the rate of glucose appearance (Ra) to disappearance (Rd) in the bloodstream must be balanced. In nondiabetics, there is a rise in glucagon and a reduction in insulin release at the onset of mild to moderate aerobic PA. During intense aerobic -anaerobic work, insulin release first decreases and then rises rapidly in early recovery to offset a more dramatic increase in counterregulatory hormones and metabolites. An "exercise smart" artificial pancreas (AP) must be capable of sensing glucose and perhaps other physiological responses to various types and intensities of PA. The emergence of this new technology may benefit active persons with T1D who are prone to hypo and hyperglycemia.
规律的体育活动（PA）对1型糖尿病（T1D）患者有诸多健康益处。然而，体育活动也会使血糖控制变得复杂。影响体育活动期间血糖波动的因素包括活动类型、强度和持续时间，以及活动时体内胰岛素和食物的量。为了在体育活动期间维持血糖浓度的平衡，血液中葡萄糖出现率（Ra）与消失率（Rd）必须保持平衡。在非糖尿病患者中，轻度至中度有氧运动开始时，胰高血糖素会升高，胰岛素释放会减少。在剧烈的有氧-无氧运动期间，胰岛素释放首先减少，然后在恢复早期迅速上升，以抵消反调节激素和代谢产物更显著的增加。一个“智能运动”人工胰腺（AP）必须能够感知葡萄糖以及对各种类型和强度体育活动的其他生理反应。这项新技术的出现可能会使易发生低血糖和高血糖的T1D活跃患者受益。
