Clipper Bonnie, Cherry Barbara
J Contin Educ Nurs. 2015 Oct;46(10):448-54. doi: 10.3928/00220124-20150918-02.
It is well known that new graduate nurses (NGRNs) are likely to have a difficult transition from nursing school into professional practice and often experience a phenomenon known as transition shock. Evidence suggests using preceptors as an effective method supporting the NGRNs through this difficult transition.
This project evaluated the effectiveness of a structured preceptor development program by measuring perceptions of transition to practice and first-year retention of two groups of former graduate nurses-the first comprising preceptors trained through a preceptor development program, and the second comprising preceptors who did not participate in structured training.
Graduate nurses who had well-trained preceptors had higher, more positive perceptions about their ability to render safe and optimal care, as well as higher first-year retention.
A structured preceptor-training program may contribute to an improved transition to practice and improved first-year retention rates of NGRNs.
众所周知，新毕业护士（NGRNs）从护理学校过渡到专业实践可能会面临困难，并且经常经历一种被称为过渡冲击的现象。有证据表明，通过指导老师帮助新毕业护士度过这一艰难过渡阶段是一种有效的方法。
本项目通过测量两组前毕业护士对实践过渡的认知以及第一年的留用情况，评估了一个结构化指导老师发展项目的有效性。第一组是通过指导老师发展项目培训的指导老师，第二组是未参加结构化培训的指导老师。
拥有训练有素的指导老师的毕业护士对其提供安全和优质护理能力的认知更高、更积极，并且第一年的留用率也更高。
结构化的指导老师培训项目可能有助于改善新毕业护士向实践的过渡，并提高其第一年的留用率。
