Cannon Anna M, Kakulas Foteini, Hepworth Anna R, Lai Ching Tat, Hartmann Peter E, Geddes Donna T
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Sep 30;12(10):12340-55. doi: 10.3390/ijerph121012340.
Breastfed infants have a reduced risk of becoming overweight and/or obese later in life. This protective effect has been partly attributed to leptin present in breastmilk. This study investigated 24-h variations of skim milk leptin and its relationship with breastmilk macronutrients and infant breastfeeding patterns. Exclusive breastfeeding mothers of term singletons (n = 19; age 10 ± 5 weeks) collected pre- and post-feed breastmilk samples for every breastfeed over a 24-h period and test-weighed their infants to determine milk intake at every breastfeed over a 24-h period. Samples (n = 454) were analysed for leptin, protein, lactose and fat content. Skim milk leptin concentration did not change with feeding (p = 0.184). However, larger feed volumes (>105 g) were associated with a decrease in post-feed leptin levels (p = 0.009). There was no relationship between the change in leptin levels and change in protein (p = 0.313) or lactose levels (p = 0.587) between pre- and post-feed milk, but there was a trend for a positive association with changes in milk fat content (p = 0.056). Leptin concentration significantly increased at night (p < 0.001) indicating a possible 24-h pattern. Leptin dose (ng) was not associated with the time between feeds (p = 0.232). Further research should include analysis of whole breastmilk and other breastmilk fractions to extend these findings.
母乳喂养的婴儿在日后生活中超重和/或肥胖的风险较低。这种保护作用部分归因于母乳中存在的瘦素。本研究调查了脱脂牛奶瘦素的24小时变化及其与母乳常量营养素和婴儿母乳喂养模式的关系。足月单胎的纯母乳喂养母亲（n = 19；年龄10±5周）在24小时内每次母乳喂养前和喂养后采集母乳样本，并对婴儿进行测试称重，以确定24小时内每次母乳喂养的奶量摄入。对样本（n = 454）进行瘦素、蛋白质、乳糖和脂肪含量分析。脱脂牛奶瘦素浓度不会随喂养而变化（p = 0.184）。然而，较大的奶量（>105克）与喂养后瘦素水平的降低有关（p = 0.009）。喂养前和喂养后母乳中瘦素水平的变化与蛋白质变化（p = 0.313）或乳糖水平变化（p = 0..587）之间没有关系，但与乳脂肪含量变化呈正相关趋势（p = 0.056）。夜间瘦素浓度显著升高（p < 0.001），表明可能存在24小时模式。瘦素剂量（纳克）与喂养间隔时间无关（p = 0.232）。进一步的研究应包括对全母乳和其他母乳成分的分析，以扩展这些发现。
