McCafferty D F, Woolfson A D, Boston V
Department of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast.
Br J Anaesth. 1989 Jan;62(1):17-21. doi: 10.1093/bja/62.1.17.
This study has demonstrated greater efficacy of a new percutaneous amethocaine preparation relative to Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics (EMLA). Initially, a double-blinded trial was undertaken on each preparation individually against placebo, as the recommended method of application was different for EMLA (2.5 g applied for 60 min under an occlusive dressing) and the amethocaine formulation (0.5 g applied for 30 min). Thereafter, the two preparations were compared directly, in a double-blinded study using a standardized application for both formulations. The results indicated that both preparations provided significant (chi-square; P less than 0.001) percutaneous local anaesthesia when compared with placebo. The amethocaine preparation produced significant anaesthesia (chi-square, P less than 0.001) after 30 min application. Furthermore, the amethocaine formulation demonstrated both increased rapidity of action and increased duration of effect, as determined by a two-tailed unpaired t test, in comparison with EMLA when application times of both 30 and 60 min were used for each preparation. The results of this study indicate that the amethocaine preparation provided more rapid and prolonged anaesthesia than EMLA.
本研究已证明一种新型经皮丁卡因制剂相对于复方利多卡因乳膏（EMLA）具有更高的疗效。最初，针对每种制剂分别进行了一项双盲试验，以安慰剂作为对照，因为EMLA（2.5克，在封闭敷料下敷用60分钟）和丁卡因制剂（0.5克，敷用30分钟）的推荐使用方法不同。此后，在一项双盲研究中，对两种制剂采用标准化的敷用方式进行直接比较。结果表明，与安慰剂相比，两种制剂均能提供显著的（卡方检验；P小于0.001）经皮局部麻醉。丁卡因制剂在敷用30分钟后产生了显著的麻醉效果（卡方检验，P小于0.001）。此外，当每种制剂的敷用时间分别为30分钟和60分钟时，通过双尾不成对t检验确定，与EMLA相比，丁卡因制剂的起效速度更快，作用持续时间更长。本研究结果表明，丁卡因制剂比EMLA能提供更快且更持久的麻醉效果。
