Medler Terry R, Cotechini Tiziana, Coussens Lisa M
Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA ; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2015 Sep 1;1(1):66-75. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.07.008.
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been extensively used to eradicate cancer based on their direct cytocidal effects on rapidly proliferating tumor cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that these therapies also dramatically affect resident and recruited immune cells that actively support tumor growth. We now appreciate that mobilization of effector CD8 T cells enhances efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy; remarkable clinical advances have been achieved by blocking regulatory programs limiting cytotoxic CD8 T cell activity . This review discusses immune-mediated mechanisms underlying efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and provides a perspective on how understanding tissue-based immune mechanisms can be used to guide therapeutic approaches combining immune and cytotoxic therapies to improve outcomes for a larger subset of patients than currently achievable.
化疗和放疗已被广泛用于根除癌症，这是基于它们对快速增殖的肿瘤细胞具有直接的细胞杀伤作用。越来越多的证据表明，这些疗法也会显著影响积极支持肿瘤生长的驻留免疫细胞和募集的免疫细胞。我们现在认识到，效应性CD8 T细胞的动员可提高化疗和放疗的疗效；通过阻断限制细胞毒性CD8 T细胞活性的调节程序已取得了显著的临床进展。本综述讨论了化疗和放疗疗效背后的免疫介导机制，并就如何利用对基于组织的免疫机制的理解来指导免疫疗法和细胞毒性疗法相结合的治疗方法，从而为比目前所能达到的更多患者亚群改善治疗结果提供了一个观点。
