Gadassi Reuma, Waser Ayelet, Gati Itamar
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University.
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College.
J Couns Psychol. 2015 Oct;62(4):632-41. doi: 10.1037/cou0000113.
Depression has detrimental effects on broad areas of functioning. However, its association with career decision-making factors has been largely unexplored. In the present study, we focused on the association between career decision-making difficulties, career-decision status, and career-preference crystallization, on the one hand, and depression, on the other. The hypothesis that high levels of career decision-making difficulties, less advanced decision status, and low levels of preference crystallization are associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms was tested with a sample of 222 college seniors. In addition, since it has been found that work-related stressors are more often associated with depression among men than women, it was hypothesized that the associations between vocational factors and depression would be stronger for men than for women. The participants filled out online self-report questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, emotional and personality-related career decision-making difficulties, career-decision status, and career preferences. The results indicated that self-concept and identity-related career decision-making difficulties were associated with depressive symptoms for both men and women. In addition, for men, but not for women, less crystallization of career preferences also predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms. These results show how important it is for counseling psychologists to understand the role of the individual's vocational situation in depression.
抑郁症对广泛的功能领域具有有害影响。然而，其与职业决策因素之间的关联在很大程度上尚未得到探索。在本研究中，一方面，我们聚焦于职业决策困难、职业决策状态和职业偏好明确度之间的关联，另一方面，关注其与抑郁症之间的关联。我们以222名大四学生为样本，对高水平的职业决策困难、较不先进的决策状态以及低水平的偏好明确度与更高水平的抑郁症状相关这一假设进行了检验。此外，由于已发现与工作相关的压力源在男性中比在女性中更常与抑郁症相关，因此我们假设职业因素与抑郁症之间的关联在男性中比在女性中更强。参与者填写了在线自我报告问卷，以评估抑郁症状、与情绪和个性相关的职业决策困难、职业决策状态以及职业偏好。结果表明，与自我概念和身份认同相关的职业决策困难在男性和女性中均与抑郁症状相关。此外，对于男性而非女性来说，职业偏好的明确度较低也预示着更高水平的抑郁症状。这些结果表明，咨询心理学家了解个体职业状况在抑郁症中的作用是多么重要。
