Yousef Said, Athamneh Mariam, Masuadi Emad, Ahmad Haitham, Loney Tom, Moselhy Hamdy F, Al-Maskari Fatma, ElBarazi Iffat
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Front Public Health. 2017 Nov 22;5:311. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00311. eCollection 2017.
Although stress reaction is high among nursing staff and nursing students in the Middle East and its effect on life is known, there are scant studies reporting on these clinical and social features. In addition, there are no studies reporting on factors that influence career choice among this group.
This study aimed to investigate factors that influence career choice among nursing students and their possible association with depressive symptoms.
Participants were 150 (84.7% response rate) nursing students randomly selected from each academic year at the Nursing College/Jordan University of Science and Technology. Participants consented and completed the socio-demographic data collection sheet. The Arabic version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II Scale was used to assess participants with respect to depressive symptoms. A modified list of factors influencing career choice and a Likert scale to assess the level of sadness and the degree of religiosity were used as well.
Students ranked the most important three factors influencing their career selection as family decision, religious factors, and the desire to care for others. The prevalence of depression among the sample was 26%. Students who had a desire to care for others were less likely to suffer from depression and those who chose nursing as their career due to religious factors were significantly less depressed than those who did not. Meanwhile, students who chose nursing under family pressure or because of a lack of alternative opportunities were more depressed. The odds ratio for depressive symptoms was 0.24 when students chose nursing because of religious factors, whereas it was 4.92 when the family strongly influenced the student's career decision and 3.61 when a nursing career was the only perceived opportunity available.
The main factors associated with depression among this sample of nursing students were pressure from their family to choose a nursing career and having no other career or employment opportunities. Religiosity was negatively associated with depression and may act as a protective factor; however, future studies using longitudinal designs will need to confirm this hypothesis.
尽管中东地区的护理人员和护理专业学生压力反应较高，且其对生活的影响也为人所知，但鲜有研究报道这些临床和社会特征。此外，也没有研究报道影响该群体职业选择的因素。
本研究旨在调查影响护理专业学生职业选择的因素及其与抑郁症状的可能关联。
参与者为从约旦科技大学护理学院各学年中随机选取的150名护理专业学生（应答率为84.7%）。参与者同意并填写了社会人口学数据收集表。使用贝克抑郁量表第二版的阿拉伯语版本评估参与者的抑郁症状。还使用了一份修改后的影响职业选择的因素清单以及一个李克特量表来评估悲伤程度和宗教虔诚程度。
学生们将影响其职业选择的最重要的三个因素列为家庭决定、宗教因素以及照顾他人的愿望。样本中抑郁症的患病率为26%。有照顾他人愿望的学生患抑郁症的可能性较小，因宗教因素选择护理职业的学生明显比没有这种因素的学生抑郁程度低。同时，在家庭压力下或因缺乏其他机会而选择护理专业的学生抑郁程度更高。因宗教因素选择护理专业的学生出现抑郁症状的比值比为0.24，而家庭强烈影响学生职业决定时该比值比为4.92，当护理职业是唯一可获得的机会时该比值比为3.61。
该样本护理专业学生中与抑郁相关的主要因素是家庭要求选择护理职业的压力以及没有其他职业或就业机会。宗教虔诚与抑郁呈负相关，可能起到保护作用；然而，未来使用纵向设计的研究需要证实这一假设。
