Sivinski John, Aluja Martin
USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA.
Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Apartado Postal 63, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico.
Insects. 2012 Jul 20;3(3):668-91. doi: 10.3390/insects3030668.
Ultimately, the success of augmentative fruit fly biological control depends upon the survival, dispersal, attack rate and multi-generational persistence of mass-reared parasitoids in the field. Foraging for hosts, food and mates is fundamental to the above and, at an operational level, the choice of the parasitoid best suited to control a particular tephritid in a certain environment, release rate estimates and subsequent monitoring of effectiveness. In the following we review landscape-level and microhabitat foraging preferences, host/fruit ranges, orientation through environmental cues, host vulnerabilities/ovipositor structures, and inter and intraspecific competition. We also consider tephritid parasitoid mating systems and sexual signals, and suggest the directions of future research.
最终，增强型果蝇生物防治的成功取决于大规模饲养的寄生蜂在田间的存活、扩散、攻击率和多代持续性。寻找寄主、食物和配偶是上述因素的基础，在操作层面上，还包括选择最适合在特定环境中控制某种实蝇的寄生蜂、估计释放率以及随后对防治效果的监测。在以下内容中，我们将综述景观层面和微生境的觅食偏好、寄主/果实范围、通过环境线索进行的定向、寄主易感性/产卵器结构以及种间和种内竞争。我们还将考虑实蝇寄生蜂的交配系统和性信号，并提出未来的研究方向。
