Miloudi Chahira, Rossant Florence, Bloch Isabelle, Chaumette Céline, Leseigneur Alexandre, Sahel José-Alain, Meimon Serge, Mrejen Sarah, Paques Michel
Quinze-Vingts Hospital Departement Hospitalo-Universitaire SightMaintain, Institut National de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM)-Direction de l'Hospitalisation et de l'Organisation des Soins CIC 1423, Paris, France 2Alten Corporation, Boulogne Billancourt, F.
Institut Supérieur d'Electronique de Paris, Paris, France.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Nov;56(12):7043-50. doi: 10.1167/iovs.15-17022.
The purpose of this study was to describe a previously unreported manifestation of the optical Stiles-Crawford effect (oSCE) in normal eyes.
In a cohort of 50 normal subjects, the directional reflectance of cones in the retinal periphery was explored by flood-illuminated adaptive optics (FIAO) and optical coherence tomography (OCT).
In 32 eyes (64%), off-axis FIAO images of the retinal periphery (∼15-20° from the fovea) showed variably sized patches of hyporeflective dots (called here negative mosaic) coexisting with hyperreflective (positive) cones. In nine cases, shifting the entry pupil toward the optical axis restored the positive cone mosaic, with a point-by-point correspondence between positive and negative mosaics. Rods remained hyperreflective around negative and positive cones. These changes were paralleled by changes of the OCT reflectance of the cone outer segment tips and, to a lesser extent, of the inner/outer segment limit.
By en face FIAO imaging of the retina, the contrast of cones over rods may be strongly dependent on the entry pupil to such an extent that their reflectance is lower than that of rods. We hypothesized that the negative cone mosaic aspect results from the differential Stiles-Crawford effect of cones and rods. Cone reflectance by en face FIAO parallels the reflectance from the cone outer segment tip line and to a lesser extent of the inner/outer segment limit by OCT. Taking this into account, the oSCE is of importance for the interpretation of high-resolution images of photoreceptors. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01546181.)
本研究旨在描述正常眼睛中光学斯泰尔斯-克劳福德效应（oSCE）一种此前未被报道的表现形式。
在一组50名正常受试者中，通过泛光照明自适应光学（FIAO）和光学相干断层扫描（OCT）探究视网膜周边视锥细胞的定向反射率。
在32只眼睛（64%）中，视网膜周边（距中央凹约15 - 20°）的离轴FIAO图像显示大小不一的低反射点斑块（此处称为负镶嵌）与高反射（正）视锥细胞共存。在9例中，将入射瞳孔向光轴移动可恢复正视锥细胞镶嵌，正负镶嵌之间存在逐点对应关系。视杆细胞在正负视锥细胞周围保持高反射。这些变化与视锥细胞外段尖端的OCT反射率变化平行，在较小程度上也与内/外段界限的变化平行。
通过视网膜的正面FIAO成像，视锥细胞相对于视杆细胞的对比度可能强烈依赖于入射瞳孔，以至于其反射率低于视杆细胞。我们推测负视锥细胞镶嵌现象是由视锥细胞和视杆细胞不同的斯泰尔斯-克劳福德效应导致的。正面FIAO下视锥细胞的反射率与视锥细胞外段尖端线的反射率平行，在较小程度上与OCT下内/外段界限的反射率平行。考虑到这一点，oSCE对于解释光感受器的高分辨率图像具有重要意义。（ClinicalTrials.gov编号，NCT01546181。）
