a Heilbrunn Department of Population and Family Health , Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health , New York , USA.
b Department of Gender and Women's Studies , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , USA.
Cult Health Sex. 2016;18(5):538-52. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2015.1091508. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
Compared to a large body of work on how gender may affect young women's vulnerability to HIV, we know little about how masculine ideals and practices relating to marriage and fertility desires shape young men's HIV risk. Using life-history interview data with 30 HIV-positive and HIV-negative young men aged 15-24 years, this analysis offers an in-depth perspective on young men's transition through adolescence, the desire for fatherhood and experience of sexual partnerships in rural Uganda. Young men consistently reported the desire for fatherhood as a cornerstone of masculinity and transition to adulthood. Ideally young men wanted children within socially sanctioned unions. Yet, most young men were unable to realise their marital intentions. Gendered expectations to be economic providers combined with structural constraints, such as limited access to educational and income-generating opportunities, led some young men to engage in a variety of HIV-risk behaviours. Multiple partnerships and limited condom use were at times an attempt by some young men to attain some part of their aspirations related to fatherhood and marriage. Our findings suggest that young men possess relationship and parenthood aspirations that - in an environment of economic scarcity - may influence HIV-related risk.
与大量关于性别如何影响年轻女性感染 HIV 风险的研究相比，我们对于与婚姻和生育愿望相关的男性理想和实践如何塑造年轻男性的 HIV 风险知之甚少。本研究使用了对 30 名年龄在 15-24 岁的 HIV 阳性和 HIV 阴性的年轻男性进行的生活史访谈数据，深入探讨了年轻男性在乌干达农村地区从青春期过渡、想要成为父亲以及性伴侣关系的经历。年轻男性一致表示，想要成为父亲是男性气质和成年过渡的基石。理想情况下，年轻男性希望在社会认可的婚姻关系中生育子女。然而，大多数年轻男性无法实现他们的婚姻愿望。期望成为经济支柱的性别观念与结构性限制（如受教育和获得收入机会有限）相结合，导致一些年轻男性采取了各种 HIV 风险行为。一些年轻男性存在多重伴侣关系且很少使用避孕套，有时是为了实现与成为父亲和结婚相关的部分愿望。我们的研究结果表明，在经济匮乏的环境下，年轻男性拥有与关系和为人父母相关的愿望，这些愿望可能会影响与 HIV 相关的风险。
