Cui Jie, Tachedjian Gilda, Wang Lin-Fa
Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 9;5:16561. doi: 10.1038/srep16561.
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) represent past retroviral infections and accordingly can provide an ideal framework to infer virus-host interaction over their evolutionary history. In this study, we target high quality Pol sequences from 7,994 Class I and 8,119 Class II ERVs from 69 mammalian genomes and surprisingly find that retroviruses harbored by bats and rodents combined occupy the major phylogenetic diversity of both classes. By analyzing transmission patterns of 30 well-defined ERV clades, we corroborate the previously published observation that rodents are more competent as originators of mammalian retroviruses and reveal that bats are more capable of receiving retroviruses from non-bat mammalian origins. The powerful retroviral hosting ability of bats is further supported by a detailed analysis revealing that the novel bat gammaretrovirus, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum retrovirus, likely originated from tree shrews. Taken together, this study advances our understanding of host-shaped mammalian retroviral evolution in general.
内源性逆转录病毒（ERVs）代表了过去的逆转录病毒感染，因此可以提供一个理想的框架来推断其进化历史中的病毒-宿主相互作用。在本研究中，我们从69个哺乳动物基因组中的7994个I类和8119个II类ERVs中筛选出高质量的Pol序列，令人惊讶地发现，蝙蝠和啮齿动物携带的逆转录病毒共同占据了这两类病毒的主要系统发育多样性。通过分析30个明确的ERV进化枝的传播模式，我们证实了先前发表的观察结果，即啮齿动物作为哺乳动物逆转录病毒的起源更具能力，并揭示蝙蝠更能够从非蝙蝠哺乳动物来源接收逆转录病毒。对新型蝙蝠γ逆转录病毒——马铁菊头蝠逆转录病毒的详细分析进一步支持了蝙蝠强大的逆转录病毒容纳能力，该病毒可能起源于树鼩。综上所述，本研究总体上推进了我们对宿主塑造的哺乳动物逆转录病毒进化的理解。
