Agyare Christian, Boakye Yaw Duah, Bekoe Emelia Oppong, Hensel Andreas, Dapaah Susana Oteng, Appiah Theresa
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Jan 11;177:85-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.008. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
Wounds of various types including injuries, cuts, pressure, burns, diabetic, gastric and duodenal ulcers continue to have severe socio-economic impact on the cost of health care to patients, family and health care institutions in both developing and developed countries. However, most people in the developing countries, especially Africa, depend on herbal remedies for effective treatment of wounds. Various in vitro and in vivo parameters are used for the evaluation of the functional activity of medicinal plants by using extracts, fractions and isolated compounds. The aim of the review is to identify African medicinal plants with wound healing properties within the last two decades.
Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scifinder(®) and Google Scholar were used to search and filter for African medicinal plants with wound healing activity. The methods employed in the evaluation of wound healing activity of these African medicinal plants comprise both in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo wound models such as excision, incision, dead space and burn wound model are commonly employed in assessing the rate of wound closure (contraction), tensile strength or breaking strength determination, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, hydroxyproline content assay and histological investigations including epithelialisation, collagen synthesis, and granulation tissue formation. In in vitro studies, single cell systems are mostly used to study proliferation and differentiation of dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes by monitoring typical differentiation markers like collagen and keratin.
In this study, 61 plants belonging to 36 families with scientifically demonstrated or reported wound healing properties were reviewed. Various plant parts including leaves, fruits, stem bark and root extracts of the plants are used in the evaluation of plants for wound healing activities.
Although, a variety of medicinal plants for wound healing can be found in literature, there is a need for the isolation and characterization of the bioactive compounds responsible for the wound healing properties. Also, cytotoxicity studies should be performed on the promising agents or bioactive fractions or extracts.
包括损伤、割伤、压迫伤、烧伤、糖尿病性溃疡、胃溃疡和十二指肠溃疡在内的各种类型伤口，持续对发展中国家和发达国家的患者、家庭及医疗机构的医疗保健成本产生严重的社会经济影响。然而，发展中国家的大多数人，尤其是非洲人，依赖草药来有效治疗伤口。通过使用提取物、馏分和分离出的化合物，各种体外和体内参数被用于评估药用植物的功能活性。本综述的目的是找出过去二十年来具有伤口愈合特性的非洲药用植物。
使用诸如PubMed、Scifinder(®)和谷歌学术等电子数据库，搜索并筛选具有伤口愈合活性的非洲药用植物。评估这些非洲药用植物伤口愈合活性所采用的方法包括体内和体外模型。体内伤口模型，如切除、切开、死腔和烧伤伤口模型，通常用于评估伤口闭合率（收缩）、抗张强度或断裂强度测定、抗氧化和抗菌活性、羟脯氨酸含量测定以及组织学研究，包括上皮形成、胶原蛋白合成和肉芽组织形成。在体外研究中，单细胞系统大多用于通过监测典型的分化标志物如胶原蛋白和角蛋白，来研究真皮成纤维细胞和角质形成细胞的增殖与分化。
在本研究中，对属于36个科的61种具有科学证明或报道的伤口愈合特性的植物进行了综述。植物的各种部位，包括叶子、果实、茎皮和根提取物用于评估植物的伤口愈合活性。
尽管在文献中可以找到多种用于伤口愈合的药用植物，但仍需要分离和鉴定具有伤口愈合特性的生物活性化合物。此外，应对有前景的药物、生物活性馏分或提取物进行细胞毒性研究。
