Chiou Hue-Ying, Jeng Chian-Ren, Wang Hurng-Yi, Inoue Satoshi, Chan Fang-Tse, Liao Jiunn-Wang, Chiou Ming-Tang, Pang Victor Fei
1 Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.
2 Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.
J Wildl Dis. 2016 Jan;52(1):57-69. doi: 10.7589/2015-01-007. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
Until Rabies virus (RABV) infection in Taiwan ferret badgers (TWFB; Melogale moschata subaurantiaca) was diagnosed in mid-June 2013, Taiwan had been considered rabies free for >50 yr. Although rabies has also been reported in ferret badgers in China, the pathologic changes and distribution of viral antigens of ferret badger-associated rabies have not been described. We performed a comprehensive pathologic study and molecular detection of rabies virus in three necropsied rabid TWFBs and evaluated archival paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of six other TWFBs necropsied during 2004 and 2012. As in other RABV-infected species, the characteristic pathologic changes in TWFBs were nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis, ganglionitis, and the formation of typical intracytoplasmic Negri bodies, with the brain stem most affected. There was also variable spongiform degeneration, primarily in the perikaryon of neurons and neuropil, in the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and brain stem. In nonnervous system tissues, representative lesions included adrenal necrosis and lymphocytic interstitial sialadenitis. Immunohistochemical staining and fluorescent antibody test demonstrated viral antigens in the perikaryon of the neurons and axonal or dendritic processes throughout the nervous tissue and in the macrophages in various tissues. Similar to raccoons (Procyon lotor) and skunks (Mephitidae), the nervous tissue of rabid TWFBs displayed widely dispersed lesions, RABV antigens, and large numbers of Negri bodies. We traced the earliest rabid TWFB case back to 2004.
在2013年6月中旬台湾鼬獾（TWFB；鼬獾指名亚种）被诊断出感染狂犬病病毒之前，台湾已被认为超过50年没有狂犬病。尽管中国也有鼬獾感染狂犬病的报道，但鼬獾相关狂犬病的病理变化和病毒抗原分布尚未见描述。我们对3只经尸检确诊为狂犬病的台湾鼬獾进行了全面的病理学研究和狂犬病病毒分子检测，并评估了2004年至2012年期间其他6只经尸检的台湾鼬獾的存档石蜡包埋组织块。与其他感染狂犬病病毒的物种一样，台湾鼬獾的特征性病理变化为非化脓性脑膜脑脊髓炎、神经炎，以及典型的胞浆内尼氏小体形成，其中脑干受影响最严重。在大脑皮层、丘脑和脑干中，还存在不同程度的海绵状变性，主要见于神经元胞体和神经纤维网。在非神经系统组织中，典型病变包括肾上腺坏死和淋巴细胞性间质性涎腺炎。免疫组织化学染色和荧光抗体试验表明，病毒抗原存在于整个神经组织的神经元胞体、轴突或树突过程以及各种组织的巨噬细胞中。与浣熊（北美浣熊）和臭鼬一样，患狂犬病台湾鼬獾的神经组织显示出广泛分布的病变、狂犬病病毒抗原和大量尼氏小体。我们将最早的狂犬病台湾鼬獾病例追溯到了2004年。
