Wernike K, Elbers A, Beer M
Rev Sci Tech. 2015 Aug;34(2):363-73. doi: 10.20506/rst.34.2.2363.
Since Schmallenberg virus, an orthobunyavirus of the Simbu serogroup, was identified near the German-Dutch border for the first time in late 2011 it has spread extremely quickly and caused a large epidemic in European livestock. The virus, which is transmitted by Culicoides biting midges, infects domestic and wild ruminants. Adult animals show only mild clinical symptoms or none at all, whereas an infection during a critical period of gestation can lead to abortion, stillbirth or the birth of severely malformed offspring. The impact of the disease is usually greater in sheep than in cattle. Vaccination could be an important aspect of disease control.
自2011年末首次在德国-荷兰边境附近发现 Schmallenberg 病毒（辛布血清群的一种正布尼亚病毒）以来，它传播极快，在欧洲家畜中引发了大规模疫情。该病毒通过库蠓叮咬传播，感染家养和野生反刍动物。成年动物仅表现出轻微临床症状或根本没有症状，而在妊娠关键期感染可导致流产、死产或产下严重畸形的后代。该病对绵羊的影响通常比对牛的影响更大。疫苗接种可能是疾病防控的一个重要方面。
