Goldberg Brittany, Sichtig Heike, Geyer Chelsie, Ledeboer Nathan, Weinstock George M
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Division of Microbiology Devices, Food and Drug Administration, Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
mBio. 2015 Dec 8;6(6):e01888-15. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01888-15.
Next-generation DNA sequencing (NGS) has progressed enormously over the past decade, transforming genomic analysis and opening up many new opportunities for applications in clinical microbiology laboratories. The impact of NGS on microbiology has been revolutionary, with new microbial genomic sequences being generated daily, leading to the development of large databases of genomes and gene sequences. The ability to analyze microbial communities without culturing organisms has created the ever-growing field of metagenomics and microbiome analysis and has generated significant new insights into the relation between host and microbe. The medical literature contains many examples of how this new technology can be used for infectious disease diagnostics and pathogen analysis. The implementation of NGS in medical practice has been a slow process due to various challenges such as clinical trials, lack of applicable regulatory guidelines, and the adaptation of the technology to the clinical environment. In April 2015, the American Academy of Microbiology (AAM) convened a colloquium to begin to define these issues, and in this document, we present some of the concepts that were generated from these discussions.
在过去十年中，新一代DNA测序（NGS）取得了巨大进展，改变了基因组分析，并为临床微生物实验室的应用开辟了许多新机会。NGS对微生物学的影响具有革命性，每天都有新的微生物基因组序列产生，导致了庞大的基因组和基因序列数据库的发展。无需培养生物体就能分析微生物群落的能力开创了不断发展的宏基因组学和微生物组分析领域，并对宿主与微生物之间的关系产生了重要的新见解。医学文献中有许多关于这项新技术如何用于传染病诊断和病原体分析的例子。由于临床试验、缺乏适用的监管指南以及技术适应临床环境等各种挑战，NGS在医学实践中的应用一直是一个缓慢的过程。2015年4月，美国微生物学会（AAM）召开了一次学术讨论会，开始界定这些问题，在本文件中，我们介绍了从这些讨论中产生的一些概念。
