Dhaliwal Amandeep K, Mohan Amita, Sidhu Gaganjot, Maqbool Rizwana, Gill Kulvinder S
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2015 Dec 17;10(12):e0145227. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145227. eCollection 2015.
Mutagenesis is a powerful tool used for studying gene function as well as for crop improvement. It is regaining popularity because of the development of effective and cost efficient methods for high-throughput mutation detection. Selection for semi-dwarf phenotype during green revolution has reduced genetic diversity including that for agronomically desirable traits. Most of the available mutant populations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were developed in post-green revolution cultivars. Besides the identification and isolation of agronomically important alleles in the mutant population of pre-green revolution cultivar, this population can be a vital resource for expanding the genetic diversity for wheat breeding. Here we report an Ethylmethane Sulfonate (EMS) generated mutant population consisting of 4,180 unique mutant plants in a pre-green revolution spring wheat cultivar 'Indian'. Released in early 1900s, 'Indian' is devoid of any known height-reducing mutations. Unique mutations were captured by proceeding with single M2 seed from each of the 4,180 M1 plants. Mutants for various phenotypic traits were identified by detailed phenotyping for altered morphological and agronomic traits on M2 plants in the greenhouse and M3 plants in the field. Of the 86 identified mutants, 75 (87%) were phenotypically stable at the M4 generation. Among the observed phenotypes, variation in plant height was the most frequent followed by the leaf morphology. Several mutant phenotypes including looped peduncle, crooked plant morphology, 'gritty' coleoptiles, looped lower internodes, and burnt leaf tips are not reported in other plant species. Considering the extent and diversity of the observed mutant phenotypes, this population appears to be a useful resource for the forward and reverse genetic studies. This resource is available to the scientific community.
诱变是一种用于研究基因功能以及作物改良的强大工具。由于高效且经济的高通量突变检测方法的发展，它正重新受到欢迎。绿色革命期间对半矮秆表型的选择降低了遗传多样性，包括农艺上理想性状的遗传多样性。小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）中大多数现有的突变群体是在绿色革命后的品种中培育出来的。除了在绿色革命前品种的突变群体中鉴定和分离农艺重要等位基因外，该群体还可以成为扩大小麦育种遗传多样性的重要资源。在此，我们报告了一个由甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变产生的突变群体，该群体由一个绿色革命前的春小麦品种‘Indian’中的4180株独特突变植株组成。‘Indian’于20世纪初发布，没有任何已知的降低株高的突变。通过从4180株M1植株中的每一株选取单个M2种子来捕获独特突变。通过对温室中M2植株和田间M3植株的形态和农艺性状变化进行详细表型分析，鉴定出了各种表型性状的突变体。在鉴定出的86个突变体中，75个（87%）在M4代表型稳定。在观察到的表型中，株高变异最为常见，其次是叶片形态。包括弯曲的穗轴、弯曲的植株形态、“粗糙”的胚芽鞘、弯曲的下部节间和焦枯的叶尖等几种突变表型在其他植物物种中未见报道。考虑到观察到的突变体表型的范围和多样性，该群体似乎是正向和反向遗传学研究的有用资源。科学界可以获取这一资源。
