Wu Lifang, Yang Zhenyu, Yin Shi-an, Zhu Mei, Gao Huiyu
National Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
National Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. Email:
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2015;24(4):665-73. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.4.24.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES：More than 30 years of socioeconomic development in China has improved living conditions which contributed to a steep decline in malnutrition prevalence of children under 5 years. To elucidate the role of socioeconomic development in improving nutritional status and to identify appropriate policy priorities for intervention in nutrition improvement for younger children.
We collected data on socioeconomic development, education, cultural and recreational services, food consumption, average family size and malnutrition prevalence from national surveys.
From 1990 to 2010, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita increased from 1644 Chinese Yuan (CNY) to 30,015 CNY; average disposable income and food expenditure per capita significantly increased in urban and rural areas; per capita consumption for education increased from 112 CNY to 1628 CNY and from 15.3 CNY to 367 CNY for other cultural services; illiteracy rate decreased from 15.9% to 4.1%; average family size from 3.97 to 3.10; and prevalence of stunting and underweight decreased from 33.1% to 9.9% and 13.7% to 3.6%, respectively. However, anaemia prevalence did not obviously decline between 1992 and 2000. After adjusting confounding effects of variables, negative relationships were observed between GDP per capita, average family size and stunting or underweight prevalence. However, no association was observed between illiteracy rate and prevalence of stunting and underweight, and there was no correlation between GDP per capita, illiteracy rate, average family size and anaemia prevalence.
Our results indicated that economic development cannot solve all nutritional problems and comprehensive national developmental strategies should be considered to combat malnutrition.
背景与目标：中国30多年的社会经济发展改善了生活条件，这使得5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率急剧下降。为了阐明社会经济发展在改善营养状况中的作用，并确定针对年幼儿童营养改善干预的适当政策重点。
我们从全国调查中收集了关于社会经济发展、教育、文化和娱乐服务、食品消费、家庭平均规模和营养不良患病率的数据。
1990年至2010年，人均国内生产总值从1644元人民币增至30015元人民币；城乡人均可支配收入和食品支出显著增加；人均教育消费从112元人民币增至1628元人民币，其他文化服务从15.3元人民币增至367元人民币；文盲率从15.9%降至4.1%；家庭平均规模从3.97降至3.10；发育迟缓率和体重不足率分别从33.1%降至9.9%和从13.7%降至3.6%。然而，1992年至2000年间贫血患病率没有明显下降。在调整变量的混杂效应后，观察到人均国内生产总值、家庭平均规模与发育迟缓或体重不足患病率之间呈负相关。然而，未观察到文盲率与发育迟缓率和体重不足患病率之间存在关联，人均国内生产总值、文盲率、家庭平均规模与贫血患病率之间也无相关性。
我们的结果表明，经济发展不能解决所有营养问题，应考虑综合国家发展战略来对抗营养不良。
