Braithwaite Irene, Stewart Alistair W, Hancox Robert J, Beasley Richard, Murphy Rinki, Mitchell Edwin A
Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Private Bag 7902, Newtown, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand.
School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
BMC Pediatr. 2015 Dec 24;15:220. doi: 10.1186/s12887-015-0538-x.
We investigated whether maternal smoking in the first year of life or any current parental smoking is associated with childhood or adolescent body mass index (BMI).
Secondary analysis of data from a multi-centre, multi-country, cross-sectional study (ISAAC Phase Three). Parents/guardians of children aged 6-7 years completed questionnaires about their children's current height and weight, whether their mother smoked in the first year of the child's life and current smoking habits of both parents. Adolescents aged 13-14 years completed questionnaires about their height, weight and current parental smoking habits. A general linear mixed model was used to determine the association between BMI and parental smoking.
77,192 children (18 countries) and 194 727 adolescents (35 countries) were included. The BMI of children exposed to maternal smoking during their first year of life was 0.11 kg/m(2) greater than those who were not (P = 0.0033). The BMI of children of currently smoking parents was greater than those with non-smoking parents (maternal smoking: +0.08 kg/m(2) (P = 0.0131), paternal smoking: +0.10 kg/m(2) (P < 0.0001)). The BMI of female adolescents exposed to maternal or paternal smoking was 0.23 kg/m(2) and 0.09 kg/m(2) greater respectively than those who were not exposed (P < 0.0001). The BMI of male adolescents was greater with maternal smoking exposure, but not paternal smoking (0.19 kg/m(2), P < 0.0001 and 0.03 kg/m(2), P = 0.14 respectively).
Parental smoking is associated with higher BMI values in children and adolescents. Whether this is due to a direct effect of parental smoking or to confounding cannot be established from this observational study.
我们调查了孩子出生后第一年母亲吸烟或父母当前吸烟是否与儿童或青少年的体重指数（BMI）有关。
对一项多中心、多国横断面研究（国际儿童哮喘及过敏研究第三阶段）的数据进行二次分析。6至7岁儿童的父母/监护人填写了有关其子女当前身高和体重、孩子出生后第一年其母亲是否吸烟以及父母当前吸烟习惯的问卷。13至14岁的青少年填写了有关其身高、体重和父母当前吸烟习惯的问卷。使用一般线性混合模型来确定BMI与父母吸烟之间的关联。
纳入了77192名儿童（来自18个国家）和194727名青少年（来自35个国家）。在出生后第一年接触母亲吸烟的儿童的BMI比未接触的儿童高0.11kg/m²（P = 0.0033）。当前吸烟父母的孩子的BMI高于父母不吸烟的孩子（母亲吸烟：+0.08kg/m²（P = 0.0131），父亲吸烟：+0.10kg/m²（P < 0.0001））。接触母亲或父亲吸烟的女性青少年的BMI分别比未接触者高0.23kg/m²和0.09kg/m²（P < 0.0001）。男性青少年的BMI在接触母亲吸烟时较高，但接触父亲吸烟时则不然（分别为0.19kg/m²，P < 0.0001和0.03kg/m²，P = 0.14）。
父母吸烟与儿童和青少年较高的BMI值有关。从这项观察性研究中无法确定这是由于父母吸烟的直接影响还是由于混杂因素导致的。
