癌症脑转移中的非编码RNA
Non-coding RNAs in cancer brain metastasis.
作者信息
Wu Kerui, Sharma Sambad, Venkat Suresh, Liu Keqin, Zhou Xiaobo, Watabe Kounosuke
机构信息
Wake Forest School of Medicine; Departments of Cancer Biology ; Winston Salem, NC, USA.
2500 N. State, Jackson MS 39216, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Cancer Institute.
出版信息
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2016 Jan 1;8(1):187-202. doi: 10.2741/s457.
More than 90% of cancer death is attributed to metastatic disease, and the brain is one of the major metastatic sites of melanoma, colon, renal, lung and breast cancers. Despite the recent advancement of targeted therapy for cancer, the incidence of brain metastasis is increasing. One reason is that most therapeutic drugs can't penetrate blood-brain-barrier and tumor cells find the brain as sanctuary site. In this review, we describe the pathophysiology of brain metastases to introduce the latest understandings of metastatic brain malignancies. This review also particularly focuses on non-coding RNAs and their roles in cancer brain metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the roles of the extracellular vesicles as they are known to transport information between cells to initiate cancer cell-microenvironment communication. The potential clinical translation of non-coding RNAs as a tool for diagnosis and for treatment is also discussed in this review. At the end, the computational aspects of non-coding RNA detection, the sequence and structure calculation and epigenetic regulation of non-coding RNA in brain metastasis are discussed.
超过90%的癌症死亡归因于转移性疾病，而大脑是黑色素瘤、结肠癌、肾癌、肺癌和乳腺癌的主要转移部位之一。尽管近年来癌症靶向治疗取得了进展，但脑转移的发生率仍在上升。一个原因是大多数治疗药物无法穿透血脑屏障，肿瘤细胞将大脑作为庇护所。在这篇综述中，我们描述了脑转移的病理生理学，以介绍对转移性脑恶性肿瘤的最新认识。本综述还特别关注非编码RNA及其在癌症脑转移中的作用。此外，我们讨论了细胞外囊泡的作用，因为已知它们在细胞之间传递信息以启动癌细胞与微环境的通讯。本综述还讨论了非编码RNA作为诊断和治疗工具的潜在临床应用。最后，讨论了非编码RNA检测的计算方面、序列和结构计算以及非编码RNA在脑转移中的表观遗传调控。
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