Appeadu-Mensah William, Hesse Afua Adwo Jectey, Glover-Addy Hope, Osei-Nketiah Samuel, Etwire Victor, Sarpong Pokua Ama
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.
Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2015 Oct-Dec;12(4):211-6. doi: 10.4103/0189-6725.172538.
Over 300 different operations have been described for the management of hypospadias. In recent times, the numbers of operations used in various centres have gradually reduced as the principles necessary to ensure adequate cosmetic and functional results with minimum complications are better understood. The aim of this article was to review the different types of operations used for managing hypospadias in a tertiary hospital in a developing country, to analyse the complications of surgery and discuss the factors that contribute to complications.
Patient folders, theatre, and ward records were used to obtain the required information. The age at surgery, types of hypospadias at presentation, types of operations done and complications were analysed.
With three main types of operations, tubularised incised plate urethroplasty and meatal advancement and glanuloplasty incorporated for anterior hypospadias (glanular, coronal, subcoronal, distal, midpenile), and lateral based flap urethroplasty for posterior hypospadias (proximal penile, penoscrotal, scrotal, perineal), most hypospadias were corrected with acceptable complication rates.
治疗尿道下裂已描述了300多种不同的手术方法。近年来，随着确保以最小并发症获得良好外观和功能效果所需原则得到更好理解，各中心使用的手术数量逐渐减少。本文旨在回顾在一个发展中国家的三级医院中用于治疗尿道下裂的不同手术类型，分析手术并发症并探讨导致并发症的因素。
使用患者病历、手术室和病房记录获取所需信息。分析手术年龄、就诊时尿道下裂类型、所做的手术类型及并发症。
对于前尿道下裂（龟头型、冠状沟型、冠状沟下型、远端型、阴茎中段型）采用三种主要手术方法，即管状切开板尿道成形术及尿道口前移阴茎头成形术，对于后尿道下裂（阴茎近端型、阴茎阴囊型、阴囊型、会阴型）采用侧基皮瓣尿道成形术，大多数尿道下裂得以矫正，并发症发生率可接受。
