Gao Junling, Fu Hua, Li Jiang, Jia Yingnan
School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec 29;15:1317. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2684-3.
Social and physical environments are not only hypothesized to influence physical activity (PA), they are also interrelated and influence each other. However, few studies have examined the relationships of PA with social and physical environments simultaneously. Accordingly, the current study aims to examine the association between physical and social attributes of neighborhood with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among the Chinese elders.
By employing a two-stage stratified random sampling procedure, 2783 elders were identified from 47 neighborhoods in Shanghai during July and September in 2014. Social and physical attributes of neighborhood were assessed using a validated and psychometrically tested measures, and the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire--Long Form was used to assess LTPA. Control variables included sex, age, marital status, education level, self-rated health and chronic conditions. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore whether individual- and neighborhood-level social and physical attributes were associated with LTPA.
The overall prevalence of leisure-time active (LTA) was 46.6%. After controlling for individual covariates, 1) compared to participants with the first quartile of social participation, the odds ratios of LTA for participants with the second, third and fourth quartile of social participation were 1.86 (95% CI: 1.44-2.41), 2.37 (95% CI: 1.82-3.08) and 4.27 (95% CI: 3.27-5.58); 2) compared to participants with the first quartile of social cohesion, the odds ratios of LTA for participants with the second, third and fourth quartile of social cohesion were 1.09 (95% CI: 1.07-1.20), 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-3.50) and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.11-1.58); 3) compared to participants living in neighborhoods with the first quartile of walkability, the odds ratios of LTA for participants living in neighborhoods with the second, third and fourth quartile of walkability were 1.13 (95% CI: 1.03-2.02), 1.73 (95% CI: 1.12-3.21) and 1.85 (95% CI: 1.19-3.35).
Both social and physical attribute of neighborhood associate with LTPA among Chinese older adults. It may promote LTPA among Chinese older adults to encourage them to participate in social activities, meanwhile, building walkable and cohesive neighborhoods.
社会和物理环境不仅被假定会影响身体活动（PA），它们还相互关联且相互影响。然而，很少有研究同时考察身体活动与社会和物理环境之间的关系。因此，本研究旨在探讨中国老年人居住社区的物理和社会属性与休闲时间身体活动（LTPA）之间的关联。
采用两阶段分层随机抽样程序，于2014年7月至9月间从上海47个社区中选取了2783名老年人。使用经过验证和心理测量测试的量表评估社区的社会和物理属性，并使用中文版国际身体活动问卷长表评估LTPA。控制变量包括性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育水平、自评健康状况和慢性病情况。进行多水平逻辑回归分析，以探讨个体和社区层面的社会及物理属性是否与LTPA相关。
休闲时间活跃（LTA）的总体患病率为46.6%。在控制个体协变量后，1）与社会参与处于第一四分位数的参与者相比，社会参与处于第二、第三和第四四分位数的参与者LTA的优势比分别为1.86（95%CI：1.44 - 2.41）、2.37（95%CI：1.82 - 3.08）和4.27（95%CI：3.27 - 5.58）；2）与社会凝聚力处于第一四分位数的参与者相比，社会凝聚力处于第二、第三和第四四分位数的参与者LTA的优势比分别为1.09（95%CI：1.07 - 1.20）、1.14（95%CI：1.08 - 3.50）和1.31（95%CI：1.11 - 1.58）；3）与居住在步行适宜性处于第一四分位数社区的参与者相比，居住在步行适宜性处于第二、第三和第四四分位数社区的参与者LTA的优势比分别为1.13（95%CI：1.03 - 2.02）、1.73（95%CI：1.12 - 3.21）和1.85（95%CI：1.19 - 3.35）。
中国老年人居住社区的社会和物理属性均与LTPA相关。鼓励中国老年人参与社会活动，同时建设适宜步行且有凝聚力的社区，可能会促进他们的LTPA。
