Zhang Y, Chen S, Pei M
Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, One Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196,
Eur Cell Mater. 2016 Jan 5;31:59-78. doi: 10.22203/ecm.v031a05.
In vivo cartilage is in a state of constant mechanical stimulation. It is therefore reasonable to deduce that mechanical forces play an important role in cartilage formation. Mechanical forces, such as compression, tension, and shear force, have been widely applied for cartilage engineering; however, relatively few review papers have summarized the influence of biomechanical signals on stem cell-based neo-cartilage formation and cartilage engineering in both molecular adaption and tissue functionality. In this review, we will discuss recent progress related to the influences of substrate elasticity on stem cell chondrogenic differentiation and elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms. Aside from active sensing and responding to the extracellular environment, stem cells also could respond to various external mechanical forces, which also influence their chondrogenic capacity; this topic will be updated along with associated signaling pathways. We expect that these different regimens of biomechanical signals can be utilized to boost stem cell-based cartilage engineering and regeneration.
体内软骨处于持续的机械刺激状态。因此，合理推断机械力在软骨形成中起重要作用。诸如压缩力、张力和剪切力等机械力已广泛应用于软骨工程；然而，相对较少的综述论文总结了生物力学信号在基于干细胞的新软骨形成和软骨工程中在分子适应性和组织功能方面的影响。在本综述中，我们将讨论与底物弹性对干细胞软骨形成分化的影响相关的最新进展，并阐明潜在的机制。除了主动感知和响应细胞外环境，干细胞还能对各种外部机械力作出反应，这也会影响它们的软骨形成能力；该主题将随着相关信号通路一起更新。我们期望这些不同的生物力学信号方案可用于促进基于干细胞的软骨工程和再生。
