State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
Environ Int. 2016 Mar;88:206-220. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.12.026. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
Although Dechlorane Plus (DP) has been used as a polychlorinated flame retardant for almost half a century, its detection in the environment was not reported until 2006. The subsequent intensive research has confirmed its global ubiquity. A few reviews have presented the properties, analytical methods and environmental occurrence of DP and related compounds in the past several years. The present review emphasizes on the environmental behavior of DP isomers which is assessed by the variation of the isomer ratio of DP in various matrices. Other aspects including the analytical methods, emission sources, general environmental occurrence and bioaccumulation of DP are also summarized. In this review, three typical emission sources in the environment are categorized after introducing the measurement method of DP. The temporal-spatial distribution is then evaluated at the global scale, which provides an integrated representation of the environmental occurrence of DP and potential impact on the human health and ecosystems. The variations of DP isomer ratio in various matrices reinforce its source related distribution and their stereoselective bioaccumulation. Thereafter, DP related compounds and dechlorinated analogs are briefly summarized in regards to their occurrence in various matrices, suggesting their ubiquity in the environment and bioavailability. Further studies are required to better assess the exposures and toxicological effects of DP and its analogs. A special concern is the serious contamination in e-waste recycling areas in developing countries, where long-term monitoring data on the association of DP exposure and adverse effects to human health and ecosystems is urgently needed.
尽管 Dechlorane Plus (DP) 作为一种多氯代阻燃剂已经使用了将近半个世纪，但直到 2006 年才在环境中检测到它的存在。随后的深入研究证实了它在全球范围内的普遍存在。过去几年，已有几篇综述介绍了 DP 及其相关化合物的性质、分析方法和环境状况。本综述强调了 DP 异构体的环境行为，这是通过 DP 在各种基质中异构体比例的变化来评估的。其他方面，包括分析方法、排放源、DP 的一般环境存在和生物累积，也在本综述中进行了总结。在介绍 DP 的测量方法后，本文将环境中的三种典型排放源进行了分类。然后在全球范围内评估其时空分布，这提供了 DP 环境存在及其对人类健康和生态系统潜在影响的综合描述。各种基质中 DP 异构体比例的变化加强了其与来源相关的分布及其立体选择性生物累积。此后，简要总结了 DP 相关化合物和脱氯类似物在各种基质中的存在情况，表明它们在环境中的普遍性和生物可用性。需要进一步的研究来更好地评估 DP 及其类似物的暴露和毒理学效应。特别值得关注的是发展中国家电子废物回收区的严重污染问题，迫切需要这些地区 DP 暴露与人类健康和生态系统不良影响之间关联的长期监测数据。
