Majewski Michał, Dąbrowska Grażyna, Pawik Malwina, Rożek Krystyna
Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2015 Nov-Dec;24(6):1079-83. doi: 10.17219/acem/31679.
Asthma is a disease that affects people of all ages worldwide.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program, with one supervised session a week, for improvement of respiratory function, inspiratory muscle strength and physical fitness in older women suffering from asthma.
The study involved 10 female patients (mean age 70.8) with diagnosed bronchial asthma in the slight and moderate stage. Before the program started, all the patients were in a stable phase of the disease. All the patients carried out a respiratory function test based on measurement of the flow/volume loop assessing FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, MEF50 and MEF25/75. An inspiratory muscle strength test (PImax) was also performed. Agility was assessed by the Fullerton Functional Fitness test, which consists of sitting down on/standing up from a chair, bicep curls with weights, upper and lower body flexibility trials, a complex coordination trial and a six minute walk test (6MWT) to assess the patients' exercise capacity. To evaluate health-related quality of life, the Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was completed, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to diagnose any signs of anxiety or depression. The main part of the program consisted of eight two-minute whole body exercises separated by one-minute intervals. Statistical significance was determined by the Wilcoxon test.
Almost all the respiratory function parameters, PImax, exercise tolerance, lower body flexibility trial and 6MWT improved significantly after following the program for eight weeks. Among the parameters measured by the questionnaires and scales, only the component of the SGRQ related to symptoms of the disease has significantly improved.
The home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program significantly improved all respiratory function parameters. The patients' PImax scores also significantly improved. Among the physical fitness parameters, the 6MWT and lower body flexibility trials significantly improved. The home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program can be used effectively in patients suffering from bronchial asthma.
哮喘是一种影响全球各年龄段人群的疾病。
本研究旨在评估一项基于家庭的肺康复计划的有效性，该计划每周有一次监督指导课程，以改善患有哮喘的老年女性的呼吸功能、吸气肌力量和身体素质。
本研究纳入了10名诊断为轻度和中度支气管哮喘的女性患者（平均年龄70.8岁）。在该计划开始前，所有患者病情均处于稳定期。所有患者均进行了基于流量/容积环测量的呼吸功能测试，以评估用力肺活量（FVC）、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、FEV1/FVC、呼气峰值流速（PEF）、最大呼气中期流速50%（MEF50）和最大呼气中期流速25%/75%（MEF25/75）。还进行了吸气肌力量测试（最大吸气压，PImax）。通过富勒顿功能体能测试评估敏捷性，该测试包括从椅子上坐下/站起、负重二头肌卷曲、上半身和下半身柔韧性测试、复杂协调性测试以及六分钟步行测试（6MWT），以评估患者的运动能力。为评估与健康相关的生活质量，完成了圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ），并使用医院焦虑抑郁量表诊断焦虑或抑郁的任何迹象。该计划的主要部分包括八个两分钟的全身运动，运动之间间隔一分钟。采用Wilcoxon检验确定统计学意义。
在进行该计划八周后，几乎所有呼吸功能参数、PImax、运动耐力、下半身柔韧性测试和6MWT均有显著改善。在问卷和量表测量的参数中，只有SGRQ中与疾病症状相关的部分有显著改善。
基于家庭的肺康复计划显著改善了所有呼吸功能参数。患者的PImax评分也显著提高。在身体素质参数中，6MWT和下半身柔韧性测试有显著改善。基于家庭的肺康复计划可有效用于支气管哮喘患者。
