Gong Hong-Ri, Chen Xiu-Xian, Chen Yan Ping, Hu Fu-Liang, Zhang Jiang-Lin, Lin Zhe-Guang, Yu Ji-Wei, Zheng Huo-Qing
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Apr 4;82(8):2256-62. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03292-15. Print 2016 Apr.
Sacbrood virus(SBV) is one of the most destructive viruses in the Asian honeybee Apis cerana but is much less destructive in Apis mellifera In previous studies, SBV isolates infecting A. cerana(AcSBV) and SBV isolates infecting A. mellifera(AmSBV) were identified as different serotypes, suggesting a species barrier in SBV infection. In order to investigate this species isolation, we examined the presence of SBV infection in 318A. mellifera colonies and 64A. cerana colonies, and we identified the genotypes of SBV isolates. We also performed artificial infection experiments under both laboratory and field conditions. The results showed that 38A. mellifera colonies and 37A. cerana colonies were positive for SBV infection. Phylogenetic analysis based on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene sequences indicated that A. cerana isolates and most A. mellifera isolates formed two distinct clades but two strains isolated fromA. mellifera were clustered with theA. cerana isolates. In the artificial-infection experiments, AcSBV negative-strand RNA could be detected in both adult bees and larvae ofA. mellifera, although there were no obvious signs of the disease, demonstrating the replication of AcSBV inA. mellifera Our results suggest that AcSBV is able to infectA. melliferacolonies with low prevalence (0.63% in this study) and pathogenicity. This work will help explain the different susceptibilities ofA. cerana and A. melliferato sacbrood disease and is potentially useful for guiding beekeeping practices.
囊状幼虫病毒（SBV）是亚洲蜜蜂中华蜜蜂中最具破坏力的病毒之一，但对西方蜜蜂的破坏力要小得多。在先前的研究中，感染中华蜜蜂的SBV分离株（AcSBV）和感染西方蜜蜂的SBV分离株（AmSBV）被鉴定为不同的血清型，这表明SBV感染存在物种屏障。为了研究这种物种隔离现象，我们检测了318群西方蜜蜂和64群中华蜜蜂中SBV感染的情况，并鉴定了SBV分离株的基因型。我们还在实验室和田间条件下进行了人工感染实验。结果表明，38群西方蜜蜂和37群中华蜜蜂的SBV感染呈阳性。基于RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶（RdRp）基因序列的系统发育分析表明，中华蜜蜂分离株和大多数西方蜜蜂分离株形成了两个不同的进化枝，但从西方蜜蜂分离的两个菌株与中华蜜蜂分离株聚类在一起。在人工感染实验中，虽然没有明显的疾病症状，但在西方蜜蜂的成蜂和幼虫中都能检测到AcSBV负链RNA，这表明AcSBV在西方蜜蜂中能够复制。我们的结果表明，AcSBV能够以低流行率（本研究中为0.63%）感染西方蜜蜂蜂群，且致病性较低。这项工作将有助于解释中华蜜蜂和西方蜜蜂对囊状幼虫病的不同易感性，并可能有助于指导养蜂实践。
