Arroyo L Sara, Basaras Miren, Arrese Elixabete, Hernáez Silvia, Esteban Valentín, Cisterna Ramón
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology Department, School of Medicine, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Jan 27;16:81. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-2713-x.
In the literature, data on the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in men vary significantly and the exact distribution of specific genotypes is still unclear. As infections usually occur without symptoms, men might only attend their hospital clinic when they have a specific concern, being in most cases genital warts (condylomas), which are often caused by low-risk HPV genotypes. The aim of this study was to assess HPV genotype distribution and prevalence among men attending hospital for HPV-associated conditions and to evaluate infection-associated factors.
Samples from men with clinical manifestations of HPV-related infections seen during 2007-2012 at the Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Control Department at Basurto University Hospital were genotyped using Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test kit (Roche Molecular Diagnostics, Germany). Data on probable risk factors were collected and investigated for possible association.
Of 184 anogenital samples, 138 (75 %) were tested as positive for HPV; 57 (41.3 %) single HPV infections and 81 (58.7 %) multiple infections. Only 45.6 % of HPV-positive samples presented low-risk genotypes 6 or 11, whereas 71/138 (51.4 %) had at least one oncogenic (high-risk) genotype. Oncogenic genotypes and multiple HPV infections were both associated with a higher number of lifetime sexual partners and their incidence appeared to increase with patient age.
Although it is accepted that HPV 6 and 11 genotypes are main causes of condylomas, our findings show a high incidence of multiple infections and high-risk genotypes in men with benign HPV manifestations. The fact that the condyloma is a skin lesion facilitates the entry of virus into cells and thus cancer progression; therefore, monitoring for HPV is important, especially in those patients with high-risk genotypes (regardless of whether they cause condyloma).
在文献中，关于男性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染率的数据差异显著，特定基因型的确切分布仍不清楚。由于感染通常无症状，男性可能仅在有特定问题时才去医院就诊，大多数情况下是尖锐湿疣，这通常由低风险HPV基因型引起。本研究的目的是评估因HPV相关疾病就诊的男性中HPV基因型的分布和感染率，并评估感染相关因素。
使用线性阵列HPV基因分型检测试剂盒（德国罗氏分子诊断公司）对2007年至2012年期间在巴苏尔托大学医院临床微生物学和感染控制科就诊的有HPV相关感染临床表现的男性样本进行基因分型。收集可能的风险因素数据，并调查其可能的关联。
在184份肛门生殖器样本中，138份（75%）检测为HPV阳性；57份（41.3%）为单一HPV感染，81份（58.7%）为多重感染。仅45.6%的HPV阳性样本呈现低风险基因型6或11，而138份样本中有71份（51.4%）至少有一种致癌（高风险）基因型。致癌基因型和多重HPV感染均与终身性伴侣数量较多有关，且其发生率似乎随患者年龄增加而上升。
尽管公认HPV 6和11基因型是尖锐湿疣的主要病因，但我们的研究结果显示，有良性HPV表现的男性中多重感染和高风险基因型的发生率较高。尖锐湿疣是一种皮肤病变，这一事实便于病毒进入细胞，从而促进癌症进展；因此，对HPV进行监测很重要，尤其是对那些有高风险基因型的患者（无论是否引起尖锐湿疣）。
