Ritchey Katherine C, Meyer Deborah, Ice Gillian H
Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Health Sciences Center, Athens, OH, United States.
Department of Interdisciplinary Health Studies, Ohio University College of Health Sciences and Professions, Athens, OH, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2015 Sep 21;2:794-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.09.004. eCollection 2015.
Evaluation and removal of home hazards is an invaluable method for preventing in-home falls and preserving independent living. Current processes for conducting home hazard assessments are impractical from a whole population standpoint given the substantial resources required for implementation. Digital photography offers an opportunity to remotely evaluate an environment for falling hazards. However, reliability of this method has only been tested under the direction of skilled therapists. Ten community dwelling adults over the age of 65 were recruited from local primary care practices between July, 2009 and February, 2010. In-home (IH) assessments were completed immediately after a photographer, blinded to the assessment form, took digital photographs (DP) of the participant home. A different non-therapist assessor then reviewed the photographs and completed a second assessment of the home. Kappa statistic was used to analyze the reliability between the two independent assessments. Home assessments completed by a non-therapist using digital photographs had a substantial agreement (Kappa = 0.61, p < 0.001) with in-home assessments completed by another non-therapist. Additionally, the DP assessments agreed with the IH assessments on the presence or absence of items 96.8% of the time. This study showed that non-therapists can reliably conduct home hazard evaluations using digital photographs.
评估和消除家庭危险因素是预防家庭跌倒和维持独立生活的一项重要方法。从整个人口的角度来看，鉴于实施家庭危险因素评估所需的大量资源，目前进行家庭危险因素评估的流程并不实用。数码摄影为远程评估环境中的跌倒危险因素提供了机会。然而，这种方法的可靠性仅在熟练治疗师的指导下进行过测试。2009年7月至2010年2月期间，从当地初级保健机构招募了10名65岁以上的社区居住成年人。在一名对评估表不知情的摄影师对参与者的家拍摄数码照片（DP）后，立即完成家庭（IH）评估。然后，另一名非治疗师评估员查看照片并完成对该家庭的第二次评估。使用Kappa统计量分析两次独立评估之间的可靠性。由非治疗师使用数码照片完成的家庭评估与另一名非治疗师完成的家庭评估具有高度一致性（Kappa = 0.61，p < 0.001）。此外，数码照片评估与家庭评估在物品存在与否方面的一致性为96.8%。这项研究表明，非治疗师可以使用数码照片可靠地进行家庭危险因素评估。
