College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia.
Comparative Genomics Centre, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Mar;23(5):4346-57. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6174-7. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
Low-level methane emissions from coal mine ventilation air (CMV-CH4; i.e., 1 % CH4) can significantly contribute to global climate change, and therefore, treatment is important to reduce impacts. To investigate CMV-CH4 abatement potential, five different mixed methanotrohic consortia (MMCs) were established from soil/sediment sources, i.e., landfill top cover soil, bio-solid compost, vegetated humus soil, estuarine and marine sediments. Enrichment conditions for MMCs were as follows: nitrate mineral salt (NMS) medium, pH ~ 6.8; 25 °C; 20-25 % CH4; agitation 200 rpm; and culture period 20 days, in mini-bench-top bioreactors. The enriched cultures were supplemented with extra carbon (methanol 0.5-1.5 %, formate 5-15 mM, and acetate 5-15 mM), nitrogen (nitrate 0.5-1.5 g L(-1), ammonium 0.1-0.5 g L(-1), or urea: 0.1-0.5 g L(-1)), and trace elements (copper 1-5 μM, iron 1-5 μM, and zinc 1-5 μM) in different batch experiments to improve low-level CH4 abatement. Average CH4 oxidation capacities (MOCs) of MMCs varied between 1.712 ± 0.032 and 1.963 ± 0.057 mg g(-1)DWbiomass h(-1). Addition of formate improved the MOCs of MMCs, but the dose-response varied for different MMCs. Acetate, nitrate and copper had no significant effect on MOCs, while addition of methanol, ammonium, urea, iron and zinc impacted negatively. Overall, MMCs enriched from marine sediments and landfill top cover soil showed high MOCs which were largely resilient to nutrient supplementation, suggesting a strong potential for biofilter development for industrial low-level CH4 abatement, such as those present in CMV.
煤矿通风空气中的低甲烷排放（CMV-CH4；即 1% CH4）会对全球气候变化产生重大影响，因此，处理这些甲烷非常重要，可以减少其影响。为了研究 CMV-CH4 的减排潜力，我们从土壤/沉积物源中建立了五个不同的混合甲烷营养菌群（MMC），这些源包括垃圾填埋场覆盖土壤、生物固体堆肥、植被腐殖质土壤、河口和海洋沉积物。MMC 的富集条件如下：硝酸盐无机盐（NMS）培养基，pH≈6.8；25°C；20-25% CH4；搅拌 200rpm；在小型台式生物反应器中培养 20 天。在不同的分批实验中，用额外的碳（甲醇 0.5-1.5%、甲酸盐 5-15mM 和乙酸盐 5-15mM）、氮（硝酸盐 0.5-1.5g/L、铵 0.1-0.5g/L 或尿素：0.1-0.5g/L）和微量元素（铜 1-5μM、铁 1-5μM 和锌 1-5μM）来补充富集的培养物，以提高低水平 CH4 的去除率。MMC 的平均 CH4 氧化能力（MOCs）在 1.712±0.032 至 1.963±0.057mg g(-1)DWbiomass·h(-1)之间变化。甲酸盐的添加提高了 MMC 的 MOCs，但不同 MMC 的剂量反应不同。乙酸盐、硝酸盐和铜对 MOCs 没有显著影响，而甲醇、铵、尿素、铁和锌的添加则产生负面影响。总的来说，从海洋沉积物和垃圾填埋场覆盖土壤中富集的 MMC 表现出较高的 MOCs，对营养物的补充具有很强的抵抗力，这表明它们在开发用于工业低水平 CH4 减排的生物过滤器方面具有很大的潜力，例如煤矿通风空气中的 CH4 减排。
