Anticevic Alan, Schleifer Charlie, Youngsun T Cho
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University; NIAAA Center for the Translational Neuroscience of Alcoholism; Department of Psychology, Yale University; Division of Neurocognition, Neurogenetics & Neurocomputation, Yale University School of Medicine (Alan Anticevic) - New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015 Dec;17(4):421-34. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.4/aanticevic.
Emerging behavioral and neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MD) are mapping mechanisms of co-occurring and distinct affective disturbances across these disorders. This constitutes a critical goal towards developing rationally guided therapies for upstream neural pathways that contribute to comorbid symptoms across disorders. We highlight the current state of the art in our understanding of emotional dysregulation in SCZ versus MD by focusing on broad domains of behavioral function that can map onto underlying neural systems, namely deficits in hedonics, anticipatory behaviors, computations underlying value and effort, and effortful goal-directed behaviors needed to pursue rewarding outcomes. We highlight unique disturbances in each disorder that may involve dissociable neural systems, but also possible interactions between affect and cognition in MD versus SCZ. Finally, we review computational and translational approaches that offer mechanistic insight into how cellular-level disruptions can lead to complex affective disturbances, informing development of therapies across MD and SCZ.
针对精神分裂症（SCZ）和重度抑郁症（MD）开展的新兴行为学和神经影像学研究，正在描绘这些疾病中共存及独特情感障碍的机制。这是朝着为导致不同疾病共病症状的上游神经通路开发合理指导疗法这一关键目标迈进的重要一步。我们通过关注可映射到潜在神经系统的广泛行为功能领域，即享乐主义、预期行为、价值和努力背后的计算，以及追求奖励结果所需的有目的的努力行为等方面，突出了目前我们对SCZ与MD中情绪调节失常的理解现状。我们强调了每种疾病中可能涉及不同神经系统的独特障碍，以及MD与SCZ中情感与认知之间可能存在的相互作用。最后，我们回顾了计算和转化方法，这些方法为细胞水平的破坏如何导致复杂情感障碍提供了机制性见解，为MD和SCZ的治疗发展提供了依据。
