Maziarz Eileen K, Perfect John R
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 102359, 315 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 102359, 315 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2016 Mar;30(1):179-206. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.006.
Cryptococcosis is an invasive mycosis caused by pathogenic encapsulated yeasts in the genus Cryptococcus. Cryptococcus gained prominence as a pathogen capable of widespread disease outbreaks in vulnerable populations. We have gained insight into the pathobiology of Cryptococcus, including the yeast' s capacity to adapt to environmental pressures, exploit new geographic environments, and cause disease in both immunocompromised and apparently immunocompetent hosts. Inexpensive, point-of-care testing makes diagnosis more feasible than ever. The associated worldwide burden and mortality remains unacceptably high. Novel screening strategies and preemptive therapy offer promise at making a sustained and much needed impact on this sugar-coated opportunistic mycosis.
隐球菌病是一种由隐球菌属致病性有荚膜酵母菌引起的侵袭性真菌病。隐球菌作为一种能够在易感人群中引发广泛疾病暴发的病原体而受到关注。我们已经深入了解了隐球菌的病理生物学,包括这种酵母菌适应环境压力、开拓新地理环境以及在免疫功能低下和看似免疫功能正常的宿主中致病的能力。廉价的即时检测使诊断比以往任何时候都更可行。但其在全球范围内造成的负担和死亡率仍然高得令人无法接受。新型筛查策略和预防性治疗有望对这种披着糖衣的机会性真菌病产生持续且急需的影响。