Sakurai Ryota, Kawai Hisashi, Yoshida Hideyo, Fukaya Taro, Suzuki Hiroyuki, Kim Hunkyung, Hirano Hirohiko, Ihara Kazushige, Obuchi Shuichi, Fujiwara Yoshinori
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University.
J Epidemiol. 2016 Jun 5;26(6):307-14. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20150017. Epub 2016 Feb 20.
The health benefits of bicycling in older adults with mobility limitation (ML) are unclear. We investigated ML and functional capacity of older cyclists by evaluating their instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), intellectual activity, and social function.
On the basis of interviews, 614 community-dwelling older adults (after excluding 63 participants who never cycled) were classified as cyclists with ML, cyclists without ML, non-cyclists with ML (who ceased bicycling due to physical difficulties), or non-cyclists without ML (who ceased bicycling for other reasons). A cyclist was defined as a person who cycled at least a few times per month, and ML was defined as difficulty walking 1 km or climbing stairs without using a handrail. Functional capacity and physical ability were evaluated by standardized tests.
Regular cycling was documented in 399 participants, and 74 of them (18.5%) had ML; among non-cyclists, 49 had ML, and 166 did not. Logistic regression analysis for evaluating the relationship between bicycling and functional capacity revealed that non-cyclists with ML were more likely to have reduced IADL and social function compared to cyclists with ML. However, logistic regression analysis also revealed that the risk of bicycle-related falls was significantly associated with ML among older cyclists.
The ability and opportunity to bicycle may prevent reduced IADL and social function in older adults with ML, although older adults with ML have a higher risk of falls during bicycling. It is important to develop a safe environment for bicycling for older adults.
对于行动受限（ML）的老年人而言，骑自行车对健康的益处尚不清楚。我们通过评估老年人的工具性日常生活活动（IADL）、智力活动和社会功能，调查了老年骑行者的行动受限情况和功能能力。
基于访谈，614名社区居住的老年人（排除63名从未骑行的参与者后）被分为有行动受限的骑行者、无行动受限的骑行者、有行动受限的非骑行者（因身体困难而停止骑自行车）或无行动受限的非骑行者（因其他原因停止骑自行车）。骑行者定义为每月至少骑行几次的人，行动受限定义为不借助扶手行走1公里或爬楼梯困难。通过标准化测试评估功能能力和身体能力。
399名参与者有规律骑行记录，其中74人（18.5%）有行动受限；在非骑行者中，49人有行动受限，166人没有。评估骑行与功能能力之间关系的逻辑回归分析显示，与有行动受限的骑行者相比，有行动受限的非骑行者更有可能出现IADL和社会功能下降。然而，逻辑回归分析还显示，老年骑行者中与自行车相关的跌倒风险与行动受限显著相关。
骑行的能力和机会可能会预防有行动受限的老年人出现IADL和社会功能下降，尽管有行动受限的老年人在骑行时跌倒风险更高。为老年人营造安全的骑行环境很重要。
