Chifiriuc Mariana Carmen, Ratiu Attila Cristian, Popa Marcela, Ecovoiu Alexandru Al
Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalelor, Sector 5, Bucharest 060101, Romania.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 1-3 Portocalelor, Sector 5, Bucharest 060101, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Feb 14;17(2):36. doi: 10.3390/ijms17020036.
The rapid development of nanotechnology allowed the fabrication of a wide range of different nanomaterials, raising many questions about their safety and potential risks for the human health and environment. Most of the current nanotoxicology research is not standardized, hampering any comparison or reproducibility of the obtained results. Drosophotoxicology encompasses the plethora of methodological approaches addressing the use of Drosophila melanogaster as a choice organism in toxicology studies. Drosophila melanogaster model offers several important advantages, such as a relatively simple genome structure, short lifespan, low maintenance cost, readiness of experimental manipulation comparative to vertebrate models from both ethical and technical points of view, relevant gene homology with higher organisms, and ease of obtaining mutant phenotypes. The molecular pathways, as well as multiple behavioral and developmental parameters, can be evaluated using this model in lower, medium or high throughput type assays, allowing a systematic classification of the toxicity levels of different nanomaterials. The purpose of this paper is to review the current research on the applications of Drosophila melanogaster model for the in vivo assessment of nanoparticles toxicity and to reveal the huge potential of this model system to provide results that could enable a proper selection of different nanostructures for a certain biomedical application.
纳米技术的迅速发展使得人们能够制造出各种各样的不同纳米材料，这引发了许多关于其安全性以及对人类健康和环境潜在风险的问题。当前大多数纳米毒理学研究并不规范，这妨碍了对所获结果进行任何比较或重复验证。果蝇毒理学涵盖了大量将黑腹果蝇用作毒理学研究中受试生物的方法学途径。黑腹果蝇模型具有若干重要优势，比如基因组结构相对简单、寿命短、维护成本低、从伦理和技术角度来看与脊椎动物模型相比易于进行实验操作、与高等生物具有相关基因同源性以及易于获得突变表型。利用该模型可以在低通量、中通量或高通量类型的实验中评估分子途径以及多个行为和发育参数，从而对不同纳米材料的毒性水平进行系统分类。本文的目的是综述当前关于黑腹果蝇模型在体内评估纳米颗粒毒性方面应用的研究，并揭示该模型系统在提供相关结果方面的巨大潜力，这些结果能够为特定生物医学应用恰当选择不同纳米结构提供依据。
