Herth Felix J F, Eberhardt Ralf
Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2016 May;22(3):252-6. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000266.
Patients with lung cancer often develop endobronchial disease, endobronchial tumor extension or airway compression. Various nonmalignant diseases can also lead to severe central airway obstruction.Since the early 1980s, technical advances of interventional bronchoscopic techniques have improved symptom-free survival and quality of life for patients with lung cancer. Apart from other techniques, various airway stents have been developed. Although interventional procedures are not definitive therapies, they often relieve the strangling sensation produced by airway occlusion. There have been various new developments and the authors review the available current literature on endobronchial stents
For patients with respiratory symptoms because of malignant airway obstruction, stent placement provides symptom palliation and improved quality of life.
Various options for central airway obstruction are in development and will change our daily work. In particular, coated stents have a large potential in minimizing stent complications.
肺癌患者常出现支气管内病变、支气管内肿瘤扩展或气道受压。各种非恶性疾病也可导致严重的中央气道阻塞。自20世纪80年代初以来，介入性支气管镜技术的进步提高了肺癌患者的无瘤生存期和生活质量。除其他技术外，还开发了各种气道支架。尽管介入手术并非确定性治疗方法，但它们常常能缓解气道阻塞所产生的窒息感。目前已有各种新进展，作者对支气管内支架的现有文献进行了综述。
对于因恶性气道阻塞而出现呼吸道症状的患者，支架置入可缓解症状并提高生活质量。
针对中央气道阻塞的各种治疗方案正在研发中，这将改变我们的日常工作。特别是，涂层支架在最大程度减少支架并发症方面具有很大潜力。
