Blume-Peytavi Ulrike, Lavender Tina, Jenerowicz Dorota, Ryumina Irina, Stalder Jean-Francois, Torrelo Antonio, Cork Michael J
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2016 May;33(3):311-21. doi: 10.1111/pde.12819. Epub 2016 Feb 26.
European roundtable meeting recommendations on bathing and cleansing of infants were published in 2009; a second meeting was held to update and expand these recommendations in light of new evidence and the continued need to address uncertainty surrounding this aspect of routine care.
The previous roundtable recommendations concerning infant cleansing, bathing, and use of liquid cleansers were critically reviewed and updated and the quality of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. New recommendations were developed to provide guidance on diaper care and the use of emollients. A series of recommendations was formulated to characterize the attributes of ideal liquid cleansers, wipes, and emollients.
Newborn bathing can be performed without harming the infant, provided basic safety procedures are followed. Water alone or appropriately designed liquid cleansers can be used during bathing without impairing the skin maturation process. The diaper area should be kept clean and dry; from birth, the diaper area may be gently cleansed with cotton balls/squares and water or by using appropriately designed wipes. Appropriately formulated emollients can be used to maintain and enhance skin barrier function. Appropriately formulated baby oils can be applied for physiologic (transitory) skin dryness and in small quantities to the bath. Baby products that are left on should be formulated to buffer and maintain babies' skin surface at approximately pH 5.5, and the formulations and their constituent ingredients should have undergone an extensive program of safety testing. Formulations should be effectively preserved; products containing harsh surfactants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, should be avoided.
Health care professionals can use these recommendations as the basis of their advice to parents.
2009年发布了欧洲圆桌会议关于婴儿沐浴和清洁的建议；鉴于新证据以及持续需要解决围绕常规护理这一方面的不确定性，召开了第二次会议以更新和扩展这些建议。
对先前关于婴儿清洁、沐浴和液体清洁剂使用的圆桌会议建议进行了严格审查和更新，并使用推荐评估、制定和评价分级系统评估了证据质量。制定了新的建议，以提供尿布护理和润肤剂使用方面的指导。制定了一系列建议，以描述理想的液体清洁剂、湿巾和润肤剂的特性。
只要遵循基本安全程序，新生儿沐浴不会对婴儿造成伤害。沐浴时可单独使用水或设计合适的液体清洁剂，而不会损害皮肤成熟过程。尿布区域应保持清洁和干燥；从出生起，可用棉球/方块布和水或使用设计合适的湿巾轻轻清洁尿布区域。可使用配方合适的润肤剂来维持和增强皮肤屏障功能。配方合适的婴儿油可用于生理性（暂时性）皮肤干燥，并可少量添加到浴水中。留在婴儿身上的产品应设计为将婴儿皮肤表面的pH值缓冲并维持在约5.5，并且配方及其成分应经过广泛的安全测试程序。配方应有效保存；应避免含有刺激性表面活性剂（如十二烷基硫酸钠）的产品。
医疗保健专业人员可以将这些建议作为向家长提供建议的基础。
