Lell M, Mantsopoulos K, Uder M, Wuest W
Radiologisches Institut, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Maximiliansplatz 1, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland.
HNO. 2016 Mar;64(3):189-209; quiz 210. doi: 10.1007/s00106-016-0140-z.
Tumors of the head and neck are predominantly squamous cell carcinomas and those of the salivary glands are predominantly adenocarcinomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas and mucoepidermoid carcinomas. In 2011 the incidence of tumors of the oral cavity and pharynx in Germany was 6839 (5026 male and 1813 female) and of the larynx 1878 (1642 male and 236 female). The incidence of tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses (467) and salivary glands (470) were much lower (www.krebsdaten.de/abfrage). The primary aim of imaging in head and neck cancer is staging of the disease and a precise assessment of tumor invasion. This information is essential for therapy decision-making (i. e. surgery or radiochemotherapy), planning of the extent of resection and subsequent reconstructive measures and also estimation of functional deficits after therapy. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the imaging modalities of choice but both have specific advantages and disadvantages. In certain cases both CT and MRI need to be performed for accurate treatment planning.
头颈部肿瘤主要是鳞状细胞癌，而唾液腺肿瘤主要是腺癌、腺样囊性癌和黏液表皮样癌。2011年，德国口腔和咽肿瘤的发病率为6839例（男性5026例，女性1813例），喉肿瘤的发病率为1878例（男性1642例，女性236例）。鼻和鼻窦肿瘤（467例）以及唾液腺肿瘤（470例）的发病率则低得多（www.krebsdaten.de/abfrage）。头颈部癌症成像的主要目的是对疾病进行分期，并精确评估肿瘤浸润情况。这些信息对于治疗决策（如手术或放化疗）、确定切除范围和后续重建措施的规划以及评估治疗后的功能缺陷至关重要。计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）是首选的成像方式，但两者都有特定的优缺点。在某些情况下，为了准确的治疗规划，CT和MRI都需要进行。
