Chai Rushan, Huang Lidong, Li Lingling, Gielen Gerty, Wang Hailong, Zhang Yongsong
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Feb 24;13(3):254. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13030254.
A holistic approach was followed for utilizing tetracyclines (TCs)-contaminated pig manure, by composting this with rice straw in a greenhouse for CO₂ fertilization and composted residue application. After composting, the composted residues can be applied to cropland as a supplemental source of synthetic fertilizers. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pig manure-rice straw composting on the degradation of TCs in pig manure. The results showed that greenhouse composting significantly accelerated the degradation of TCs. Contents (150 mg·kg(-1)) of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) in the composting feedstock could be completely removed within 42 days for OTC and TC, and 14 days for CTC. However, in the control samples incubated at 25 °C in the dark, concentrations of OTC, TC and CTC only decreased 64.7%, 66.7% and 73.3%, respectively, after 49 days. The degradation rates of TCs in the composting feedstock were in the order of CTC > TC > OTC. During the composting process, CTC dissipated rapidly with the time required for 50% degradation (DT50) and 90% degradation (DT90) of 2.4 and 7.9 days, but OTC was more persistent with DT50 and DT90 values of 5.5 and 18.4 days. On the basis of the results obtained in this study, it could be concluded that pig manure-rice straw composting in a greenhouse can help to accelerate the degradation of TCs in pig manure and make composted residues safer for field application. This technology could be an acceptable practice for greenhouse farmers to utilize TCs-contaminated pig manure.
采用了一种整体方法来利用受四环素（TCs）污染的猪粪，即将其与稻草在温室中堆肥以进行二氧化碳施肥并施用堆肥残渣。堆肥后，堆肥残渣可作为合成肥料的补充来源施用于农田。本研究的目的是确定猪粪-稻草堆肥对猪粪中TCs降解的影响。结果表明，温室堆肥显著加速了TCs的降解。堆肥原料中土霉素（OTC）、四环素（TC）和金霉素（CTC）的含量（150 mg·kg⁻¹），对于OTC和TC可在42天内完全去除，对于CTC可在14天内完全去除。然而，在黑暗中于25℃孵育的对照样品中，49天后OTC、TC和CTC的浓度仅分别下降了64.7%、66.7%和73.3%。堆肥原料中TCs的降解速率顺序为CTC＞TC＞OTC。在堆肥过程中，CTC迅速消散，50%降解（DT50）和90%降解（DT90）所需时间分别为2.4天和7.9天，但OTC更持久，DT50和DT90值分别为5.（此处原文有误，推测应为5.5）天和18.4天。根据本研究获得的结果，可以得出结论，温室中猪粪-稻草堆肥有助于加速猪粪中TCs的降解，并使堆肥残渣在田间施用时更安全。这项技术可能是温室农民利用受TCs污染的猪粪的一种可接受的做法。
