Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
Lab Chip. 2016 Apr 7;16(7):1126-38. doi: 10.1039/c5lc01306b.
This review highlights the most promising applications of nanowires for bioanalytical chemistry and medical diagnostics. The materials discussed here are metal oxide and Si semiconductors, which are integrated with various microfluidic systems. Nanowire structures offer desirable advantages such as a very small diameter size with a high aspect ratio and a high surface-to-volume ratio without grain boundaries; consequently, nanowires are promising tools to study biological systems. This review starts with the integration of nanowire structures into microfluidic systems, followed by the discussion of the advantages of nanowire structures in the separation, manipulation and purification of biomolecules (DNA, RNA and proteins). Next, some representative nanowire devices are introduced for biosensors from molecular to cellular levels based on electrical and optical approaches. Finally, we conclude the review by highlighting some bio-applications for nanowires and presenting the next challenges that must be overcome to improve the capabilities of nanowire structures for biological and medical systems.
本文综述了纳米线在生物分析化学和医学诊断中的最有前途的应用。这里讨论的材料是金属氧化物和 Si 半导体，它们与各种微流控系统集成在一起。纳米线结构具有非常小的直径尺寸、高纵横比和高表面积与体积比而没有晶界等理想优势；因此，纳米线是研究生物系统的有前途的工具。本综述首先介绍了将纳米线结构集成到微流控系统中，然后讨论了纳米线结构在生物分子（DNA、RNA 和蛋白质）的分离、操作和纯化方面的优势。接下来，根据电气和光学方法，基于从分子到细胞水平的纳米线器件，介绍了一些有代表性的生物传感器。最后，我们通过突出纳米线的一些生物应用并提出为了提高纳米线结构在生物和医疗系统中的性能必须克服的下一个挑战来总结综述。
