Pereira-Fantini Prue M, Tingay David G
Neonatal Research Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Neonatal Research Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia ; Department of Neonatology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
Clin Proteomics. 2016 Feb 29;13:5. doi: 10.1186/s12014-016-9106-0. eCollection 2016.
Proteomics, the large-scale study of the structure and function of proteins of a cell or organism, is a rapidly developing area of biomedical research which is perfectly suited to the study of pediatric lung injury, where a variety of samples are easily, and repeatedly, accessible including plasma (reflecting a whole body response) and broncheoalveolar lung fluid (reflecting the lungs response). When applied to pediatric lung injury, proteomics could be used to develop much needed early biomarkers of lung injury, elucidate pathological pathways and determine protein alterations associated with specific disease processes. However despite the obvious benefits and need, proteomics is rarely utilized in studies of pediatric injury. This review primarily reports on the last decade of pediatric research into proteomes associated with specific respiratory diseases including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, respiratory infection, cystic fibrosis and asthma whilst also reflecting on the challenges unique to proteomic studies of the pediatric respiratory disease population. We conclude that the number of key pathological differences between the pediatric and adult study populations inhibit inference of results from adult studies onto a pediatric population and necessitate studies of the pediatric proteome. Furthermore the disparity amongst pediatric lung disease in terms of age at onset and underlying pathological mechanism (genetic, immunological, intervention-based, developmental arrest, inhaled toxin) will require proteomic studies which are well designed, with large disease specific patient sets to ensure adequate power as well as matched controls. Regardless of causative agent, pulmonary biomarkers are needed to predict the clinical course of pediatric lung disease, status, progression and response to treatment. Identification of early biomarkers is particularly pertinent in order to understand the natural history of disease and monitor progression so prevention of ongoing lung injury and impact on childhood can targeted.
蛋白质组学是对细胞或生物体蛋白质的结构和功能进行大规模研究，是生物医学研究中一个快速发展的领域，非常适合用于小儿肺损伤的研究。在小儿肺损伤研究中，很容易反复获取多种样本，包括血浆（反映全身反应）和支气管肺泡灌洗液（反映肺部反应）。将蛋白质组学应用于小儿肺损伤研究时，可用于开发急需的肺损伤早期生物标志物，阐明病理途径，并确定与特定疾病过程相关的蛋白质变化。然而，尽管有明显的益处和需求，但蛋白质组学在小儿损伤研究中很少被使用。本综述主要报告了过去十年中对与特定呼吸系统疾病相关蛋白质组的小儿研究，这些疾病包括支气管肺发育不良、呼吸道感染、囊性纤维化和哮喘，同时也反思了小儿呼吸系统疾病人群蛋白质组学研究特有的挑战。我们得出结论，小儿和成人研究人群之间关键病理差异的数量阻碍了将成人研究结果推断到小儿人群上，因此有必要对小儿蛋白质组进行研究。此外，小儿肺部疾病在发病年龄和潜在病理机制（遗传、免疫、基于干预、发育停滞、吸入毒素）方面的差异，将需要精心设计的蛋白质组学研究，要有大量特定疾病的患者群体，以确保有足够的效力以及匹配的对照组。无论致病因素如何，都需要肺部生物标志物来预测小儿肺部疾病的临床进程、状态、进展和对治疗的反应。识别早期生物标志物对于了解疾病的自然史和监测进展尤为重要，这样可以针对性地预防持续的肺损伤及其对儿童期的影响。
