Liu Sufang, Li Changsheng, Xing Ying, Wang Yanqing, Tao Feng
Department of Biomedical Sciences at Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, Texas.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016;14(6):654-61. doi: 10.2174/1570159x14666160303110503.
Neuromodulation, including invasive and non-invasive stimulation, has been used to treat intractable chronic pain. However, the mechanisms by which neuromodulation produces antinociceptive effect still remain uncertain. Optogenetic manipulation, a recently developed novel approach, has already proven its value to clinicians by providing new insights into mechanisms of current clinical neuromodulation methods as well as pathophysiology of nervous system diseases at the circuit level. Here, we discuss the principles of two neuromodulation methods (deep brain stimulation and motor cortex stimulation) and their applications in pain treatment. More important, we summarize the new information from recent studies regarding optogenetic manipulation in neuroscience research and its potential utility in pain study.
神经调节，包括侵入性和非侵入性刺激，已被用于治疗顽固性慢性疼痛。然而，神经调节产生抗伤害感受作用的机制仍不明确。光遗传学操纵是一种最近开发的新方法，它通过在神经回路水平上为当前临床神经调节方法的机制以及神经系统疾病的病理生理学提供新见解，已向临床医生证明了其价值。在此，我们讨论两种神经调节方法（深部脑刺激和运动皮层刺激）的原理及其在疼痛治疗中的应用。更重要地是，我们总结了近期神经科学研究中有关光遗传学操纵的新信息及其在疼痛研究中的潜在用途。
