Tierney Matthew T, Sacco Alessandra
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2016 Jun;26(6):434-444. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.02.004. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
The cellular turnover required for skeletal muscle maintenance and repair is mediated by resident stem cells, also termed satellite cells. Satellite cells normally reside in a quiescent state, intermittently entering the cell cycle to fuse with neighboring myofibers and replenish the stem cell pool. However, the mechanisms by which satellite cells maintain the precise balance between self-renewal and differentiation necessary for long-term homeostasis remain unclear. Recent work has supported a previously unappreciated heterogeneity in the satellite cell compartment that may underlie the observed variability in cell fate and function. In this review, we examine the work supporting this notion as well as the potential governing principles, developmental origins, and principal determinants of satellite cell heterogeneity.
骨骼肌维持和修复所需的细胞更新由常驻干细胞（也称为卫星细胞）介导。卫星细胞通常处于静止状态，间歇性地进入细胞周期，与相邻的肌纤维融合并补充干细胞库。然而，卫星细胞维持长期稳态所需的自我更新和分化之间精确平衡的机制仍不清楚。最近的研究支持了卫星细胞区室中一种先前未被认识到的异质性，这种异质性可能是观察到的细胞命运和功能变异性的基础。在这篇综述中，我们研究了支持这一观点的研究工作，以及卫星细胞异质性的潜在调控原则、发育起源和主要决定因素。
