Salvador Marion A, Birnbaum Daniel, Charafe-Jauffret Emmanuelle, Ginestier Christophe
Brief Funct Genomics. 2016 May;15(3):186-99. doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elw003. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
Breast tumors exhibit a hierarchical cellular organization driven by several subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These breast CSC subpopulations are able to infinitely self-renew and to differentiate, giving rise to tumor heterogeneity. Accumulating evidence show that breast CSCs resist conventional therapies and i`nitiate tumor relapse. The development of anti-CSCs therapies may therefore greatly improve patient survival. A better elucidation of molecular circuitries involved in stemness would offer new relevant targets. Noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, are regulators of cell identity and are notably found deregulated in breast CSCs. This review will focus on noncoding RNAs involved in CSCs biology during breast cancer initiation, maintenance, therapeutic resistance and metastatic progression. Potential clinical applications using noncoding RNAs as biomarkers or therapies will be discussed.
乳腺肿瘤呈现出由多个癌症干细胞（CSC）亚群驱动的分层细胞组织。这些乳腺CSC亚群能够无限自我更新并分化，从而导致肿瘤异质性。越来越多的证据表明，乳腺CSC对传统疗法具有抗性并引发肿瘤复发。因此，抗CSC疗法的开发可能会大大提高患者的生存率。更好地阐明参与干性的分子通路将提供新的相关靶点。非编码RNA，尤其是微小RNA和长链非编码RNA，是细胞身份的调节因子，并且在乳腺CSC中明显失调。本综述将聚焦于在乳腺癌起始、维持、治疗抗性和转移进展过程中参与CSC生物学的非编码RNA。还将讨论使用非编码RNA作为生物标志物或疗法的潜在临床应用。
