Vogel B, Reuter S, Taverna M, Fischer M R, Schelling J
Klinikum der Universität München, Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, München, Deutschland.
Klinikum der Universität München, Institut für Didaktik und Ausbildungsforschung in der Medizin, München, Deutschland.
GMS J Med Educ. 2016 Feb 15;33(1):Doc5. doi: 10.3205/zma001004. eCollection 2016.
In Germany medical students should gain proficiency and specific skills in the vaccination field. Especially important is the efficient communication of scientific results about vaccinations to the community, in order to give professional counseling with a complete overview about therapeutic options. AIM OF THE PROJECT: The aim of this project is to set up a vaccination-related curriculum in the Medical Faculty at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich. The structure of the curriculum is based on the National catalogue for competency-based learning objectives in the field of vaccination (Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielekatalog Medizin NKLM). Through this curriculum, the students will not only acquire the classical educational skills concerning vaccination in theory and practice, but they will also learn how to become independent in the decision-making process and counseling. Moreover, the students will become aware of consequences of action related to this specific topic.
According to defined guidelines, an analysis was performed on courses, which are currently offered by the university. A separate analysis of the NKLM was carried out. Both analyses identified the active courses related to the topic of vaccination as well as the NKLM learning objectives. The match between the topics taught in current courses and the NKLM learning objectives identified gaps concerning the teaching of specific content. Courses were modified in order to implement the missing NKLM learning objectives.
These analyses identified 24 vaccination-related courses, which are currently taught at the University. Meanwhile, 35 learning objectives on vaccination were identified in the NKLM catalogue. Four of which were identified as not yet part of the teaching program. In summary, this interdisciplinary work enabled the development of a new vaccination-related curriculum, including 35 learning objectives, which are now implemented in regular teaching courses by the Medical Faculty.
This project successfully describes a method to develop and implement a competency-based teaching program on the topic of vaccination. Importantly, the process presented here can serve as a guide to develop and implement similar teaching programs on other subjects and Universities.
在德国，医学生应在疫苗接种领域掌握专业知识和特定技能。尤为重要的是，要将有关疫苗接种的科学成果有效地传达给公众，以便在提供专业咨询时能全面介绍各种治疗选择。项目目标：本项目的目标是在慕尼黑的路德维希 - 马克西米利安大学医学院设立一门与疫苗接种相关的课程。该课程结构基于国家疫苗接种领域基于能力的学习目标目录（Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielekatalog Medizin NKLM）。通过这门课程，学生不仅将在理论和实践中获得有关疫苗接种的传统教育技能，还将学习如何在决策过程和咨询中做到独立。此外，学生将意识到与该特定主题相关的行动后果。
根据既定指南，对该大学目前提供的课程进行了分析。对NKLM进行了单独分析。两项分析都确定了与疫苗接种主题相关的现行课程以及NKLM学习目标。当前课程所教授的主题与NKLM学习目标之间的匹配情况揭示了特定内容教学方面的差距。对课程进行了修改，以纳入缺失的NKLM学习目标。
这些分析确定了该大学目前正在教授的24门与疫苗接种相关的课程。同时，在NKLM目录中确定了35个关于疫苗接种的学习目标。其中有4个被确定尚未纳入教学计划。总之，这项跨学科工作促成了一门新的与疫苗接种相关的课程的开发，包括35个学习目标，目前已由医学院纳入常规教学课程。
本项目成功描述了一种开发和实施基于能力的疫苗接种主题教学计划的方法。重要的是，这里介绍的过程可作为在其他学科和大学开发和实施类似教学计划的指南。
